The aim of this study is to validate in the context of liver transplantation, the interest of the cccDNA assay technique developed by the team of Professor Zoulim (INSERM U1052) on liver biopsy and correlate this assay cccDNA in hepatitis B virus (HBV) viral load and serum liver through several groups of patients at transplantation (on graft and native liver explant) and after transplantation.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patient registered on the national Organ Transplant Waiting List for liver transplantation
• Indication of transplantation :
• Alcoholic related disease without serum anti-hepatitis B core antibody (HBc) (less than 4 weeks) OR - HCV related disease without serum anti-HBc antibody (less than 4 weeks) OR - Patients who sign consent for liver transplantation from hepatitis B core antibody positive donors OR - HBV related disease with positive serum HBs antigen (with or without HBV replication measured by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) within 6 months prior transplantation)
• Signed consent form
• Patient with a social cover
• Patient not covered by any measure of legal protection

Exclusion Criteria:

• Co-infection with HIV, hepatitis delta virus (HDV), HBV (for control arm), HCV (for Test arm) - Positive serology within the4 weeks before inclusion
• Patient covered by any measure of legal protection
• informed consent not signed

Patients with liver transplantation planned