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The study aims to evaluate the ability of representative vacuum-assisted minimal invasive biopsy (VAB) to diagnose pathological complete response (pCR=ypT0) in breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is an increasingly used approach for patients with locally advanced and primarily inoperable breast cancer or for patients with potentially chemosensitive tumors. In clinical routine surgical treatment follows the pre-operative chemotherapy. However, recent studies have demonstrated that shrinking tumors need less surgical treatment indicating that patients with pCR could potentially be spared of surgery in the future.
Up to now, prediction of pCR after NACT, i.e. diagnosing a pCR without surgery, is based on tumor biology at diagnosis, the applied NACT regimen and breast imaging results; all with mediocre accuracy. This prospective, monocenter diagnostic trial aims to explore if minimal invasive biopsies (MIB) might overcome this diagnostic challenge.
From September 1st, 2014 to February 15th, 2015 the investigators performed ultrasound guided vacuum-assisted minimal invasive biopsy (VAB) on 50 breast cancer patients after NACT and directly prior to surgery. To analyse VAB pathologically results were categorized as follows: residual vital tumor cells (invasive, in situ, both, lymphangiosis carcinomatosous) present, (significant parts of) the tumor bed present, neither vital tumor cells nor (significant parts of) the tumor bed (indicating a non representative VAB). The results were compared to those of the pathological examination of surgical specimen.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| vacuum-assisted biopy | Experimental | All patients enrolled in this study received a vacuum-assisted biopsy before surgery. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| vacuum-assisted biopsy | Procedure | Ultrasound guided VAB was used directly prior to breast conserving surgery or mastectomy. It was performed by experienced physicians (> 50 ultrasound guided minimal invasive biopsies per year, > 500 breast ultrasound examination of the breast per year). The needle was placed below or beside the target lesion according to physician's choice. At least six biopsies should be taken; up to 12 according to the physicians choice. After the VAB a clip marker was placed to highlight the position of the biopsy for specimen radiography and pathology. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| false negative rate to diagnose a pathological complete response by vacuum-assisted biopsy for the whole cohort and predefined subgroups | As an explorative study, the statistical analysis was performed using descriptive methods only. For a baseline comparison between groups, the investigators compared the group of patients with pCR to the group of patients without pCR. As primary outcomes the investigators calculated negative predictive values (NPV) and false negative rates (FNR) for the whole study cohort as well as for certain subgroups (especially addressing the question of evaluating representativeness of VAB). The investigators calculated two-sided-95% confidence intervals for all results. | 1 week |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| negative predictive values to diagnose a pathological complete response by vacuum-assisted biopsy for the whole cohort and predefined subgroups | As an explorative study, the statistical analysis was performed using descriptive methods only. For a baseline comparison between groups, the investigators compared the group of patients with pCR to the group of patients without pCR. As primary outcomes the investigators calculated negative predictive values (NPV) and false negative rates (FNR) for the whole study cohort as well as for certain subgroups (especially addressing the question of evaluating representativeness of VAB). The investigators calculated two-sided-95% confidence intervals for all results. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
The investigators included patients
Exclusion Criteria:
The investigators excluded patients from the study with
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Joerg Heil, Prof. Dr. | University of Heidelberg, Department of Gynecology, Breast Unit | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University Breast Unit, Department of Gynecology, University of Heidelberg | Heidelberg | Baden-Wurttemberg | 69120 | Germany |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 35108029 | Derived | Pfob A, Sidey-Gibbons C, Rauch G, Thomas B, Schaefgen B, Kuemmel S, Reimer T, Hahn M, Thill M, Blohmer JU, Hackmann J, Malter W, Bekes I, Friedrichs K, Wojcinski S, Joos S, Paepke S, Degenhardt T, Rom J, Rody A, van Mackelenbergh M, Banys-Paluchowski M, Grosse R, Reinisch M, Karsten M, Golatta M, Heil J. Intelligent Vacuum-Assisted Biopsy to Identify Breast Cancer Patients With Pathologic Complete Response (ypT0 and ypN0) After Neoadjuvant Systemic Treatment for Omission of Breast and Axillary Surgery. J Clin Oncol. 2022 Jun 10;40(17):1903-1915. doi: 10.1200/JCO.21.02439. Epub 2022 Feb 2. | |
| 33307491 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001943 | Breast Neoplasms |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| D001941 | Breast Diseases |
| D012871 | Skin Diseases |
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| 1 week |
| Derived |
| Pfob A, Sidey-Gibbons C, Lee HB, Tasoulis MK, Koelbel V, Golatta M, Rauch GM, Smith BD, Valero V, Han W, MacNeill F, Weber WP, Rauch G, Kuerer HM, Heil J. Identification of breast cancer patients with pathologic complete response in the breast after neoadjuvant systemic treatment by an intelligent vacuum-assisted biopsy. Eur J Cancer. 2021 Jan;143:134-146. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.11.006. Epub 2020 Dec 8. |
| D017437 |
| Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases |