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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Wake Forest University Health Sciences | OTHER |
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This study aims to assess a fixed-dose regimen of activated prothrombin complex concentrate (FEIBA VH, Baxter) versus the variable, manufacturer recommended, dose regimen of inactivated prothrombin complex concentrate (Kcentra, CSL Behring) for reversal of warfarin-associated major hemorrhage.
Warfarin, a vitamin K antagonist (VKA), is the most frequently prescribed oral anticoagulant. Warfarin-associated major hemorrhage occurs at a rate of 1.7% to 3.4% in routine clinical practice and warrants rapid reversal of anticoagulation by correcting supratherapeutic international normalized ratio (INR) values.
Warfarin inhibits synthesis of vitamin K dependent coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X, and strategies for reversal of warfarin-associated coagulopathy are aimed at restoring deficient factors. Four-factor prothrombin complex concentrates (PCCs) contain the coagulation factors which warfarin inhibits and are an attractive option for rapid reversal due to ease of reconstitution and no requirement for blood-type matching.
Manufacturer dosing recommendations exist for PCCs based on patient weight, baseline INR, and target INR, but studies have suggested fixed dosing strategies in an effort to determine the most efficacious dose for VKA-reversal while sparing adverse events. These studies have also utilized different PCC formulations, with some studies utilizing 4-factor activated PCC (aPCC), which denotes product containment of factor VII in an activated state.
In the United States, product availability is limited to a single 4-factor aPCC (FEIBA VH, Baxter) indicated for hemophilia patients with inhibitors and a single 4-factor inactivated PCC (Kcentra, CSL Behring) approved for VKA-reversal. Various institutions choose to utilize off-label fixed dosing strategies of 4-factor aPCC in an effort to administer the lowest possible dose to reverse VKAs, while others utilize manufacturer recommended dosing of 4-factor inactivated PCC.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| fixed-dose aPCC | Patients receiving fixed-dose activated prothrombin complex concentrate (FEIBA VH) for reversal of warfarin-associated major hemorrhage. |
| |
| variable-dose PCC | Patients receiving vairable-dose inactivated prothrombin complex concentrate (Kcentra) for reversal of warfarin-associated major hemorrhage. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| fixed-dose activated prothrombin complex concentrate | Drug | FEIBA VH 500 units IV one time for INR less than 5. FEIBA VH 1000 units IV one time for INR greater than 5. Check INR after infusion and may repeat dose if INR still elevated |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Achievement of INR less than or equal to 1.5 | The number of patients achieving a goal INR of less than or equal to 1.5 within 60 minutes following administration of 4-factor fixed-dose aPCC (FEIBA VH) versus variable-dose inactivated PCC (Kcentra) for reversal of warfarin-associated major hemorrhage. | 60 minutes |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Incidence of mortality or thrombotic events | Incidence of mortality, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, and ischemic cerebrovascular events within 30 days following administration of 4-factor fixed-dose aPCC (FEIBA VH) or variable-dose inactivated PCC (Kcentra) for reversal of warfarin-associated major hemorrhage. | 30 days |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Patients administered a prothrombin complex concentrate as part of routine care for INR normalization due to a major bleed will be assessed for inclusion.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Gary D Peksa, PharmD | Rush University Medical Center | Principal Investigator |
| Robert Mokszycki, PharmD | advocate christ medical center | Principal Investigator |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 17852462 | Background | Junagade P, Grace R, Gover P. Fixed dose prothrombin complex concentrate for the reversal of oral anticoagulation therapy. Hematology. 2007 Oct;12(5):439-40. doi: 10.1080/10245330701448529. | |
| 20436891 | Background | Wojcik C, Schymik ML, Cure EG. Activated prothrombin complex concentrate factor VIII inhibitor bypassing activity (FEIBA) for the reversal of warfarin-induced coagulopathy. Int J Emerg Med. 2009 Nov 26;2(4):217-25. doi: 10.1007/s12245-009-0125-8. |
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| variable-dose inactivated prothrombin complex concentrate | Drug | Kcentra 25 units/kg IV one time for INR less than 4. Kcentra 35 units/kg IV one-time for INR 4 to 6. Kcentra 50 units/kg IV one-time for INR greater than 6. Check INR after infusion and may repeat dose if INR still elevated. |
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| 22491734 | Background | Khorsand N, Veeger NJ, van Hest RM, Ypma PF, Heidt J, Meijer K. An observational, prospective, two-cohort comparison of a fixed versus variable dosing strategy of prothrombin complex concentrate to counteract vitamin K antagonists in 240 bleeding emergencies. Haematologica. 2012 Oct;97(10):1501-6. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2012.063701. Epub 2012 Apr 4. |
| 23763937 | Background | Stewart WS, Pettit H. Experiences with an activated 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (FEIBA) for reversal of warfarin-related bleeding. Am J Emerg Med. 2013 Aug;31(8):1251-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2013.05.008. Epub 2013 Jun 10. |
| 23935011 | Background | Sarode R, Milling TJ Jr, Refaai MA, Mangione A, Schneider A, Durn BL, Goldstein JN. Efficacy and safety of a 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate in patients on vitamin K antagonists presenting with major bleeding: a randomized, plasma-controlled, phase IIIb study. Circulation. 2013 Sep 10;128(11):1234-43. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002283. Epub 2013 Aug 9. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006470 | Hemorrhage |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| C065655 | anti-inhibitor coagulant complex |
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