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This study examines the effectiveness of a school based mental health literacy intervention for high school students, on improving mental health knowledge and reducing stigma. Twenty-four high schools in the regional area of Ottawa, Canada were randomly assigned to either the curriculum or control condition at a two to one ratio. The educational curriculum was integrated within grade 11 and 12 Provincial "Healthy Living" courses, delivered by teachers, and replaced existing educational content on mental health.
There is limited evidence and consensus on the effectiveness of school-based mental health educational programs, and no standardization for mental health education being taught in schools. This study examines the effectiveness of a school-based mental health literacy intervention for adolescents, on knowledge and stigma. A secondary objective was to determine the generalizability and applicability of an educational resource for mental health in high schools.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Curriculum | Active Comparator | The curriculum is a mental health literacy resource designed to inform high school curricula and contains six distinct modules: 1) stigma of mental illness; 2) understanding mental health and mental illness; 3) information on specific mental illnesses; 4) experiences of mental illness; 5) seeking help and finding support; and 6) the importance of positive mental health. A research assistant trained teachers on The Curriculum Guide content in a half-day session. Teachers implemented The Curriculum Guide, which requires approximately 6 hours of classroom time, during regular instruction of the Healthy Living course. |
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| Curriculum +eLearning Follow-up | Active Comparator | The curriculum is a mental health literacy resource designed to inform high school curricula and contains six distinct modules: 1) stigma of mental illness; 2) understanding mental health and mental illness; 3) information on specific mental illnesses; 4) experiences of mental illness; 5) seeking help and finding support; and 6) the importance of positive mental health. A research assistant trained teachers on The Curriculum Guide content in a half-day session. Teachers implemented The Curriculum Guide, which requires approximately 6 hours of classroom time, during regular instruction of the Healthy Living course. Students are asked to complete follow-up modules online. These modules are only accessible after completion of the Healthy Living course. |
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| Teaching As Usual (Control) | No Intervention | Schools randomized to this arm of the study received the unadulterated Healthy Living course, taught as usual. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Curriculum | Behavioral | A mental health educational resource delivered in the classroom by trained educators |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Self-Report Knowledge of Mental Illness Scale | 15 multiple choice questions about mental illness computed to provide a total score of mental health knowledge for each participant | Immediately following completed delivery of The Curriculum Guide |
| Self-Report Attitudes Towards Mental Illness Scale | A Likert scale of 8 statements about characteristics of individuals with mental illness computed to provide a total score of positive attitudes towards mental illness for each participant | Immediately following completed delivery of The Curriculum Guide |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Robert P Milin, MD | Associate Professor | Principal Investigator |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 27126852 | Derived | Milin R, Kutcher S, Lewis SP, Walker S, Wei Y, Ferrill N, Armstrong MA. Impact of a Mental Health Curriculum on Knowledge and Stigma Among High School Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2016 May;55(5):383-391.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.02.018. Epub 2016 Mar 8. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D057545 | Social Stigma |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012919 | Social Behavior |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| eLearning Follow-up | Behavioral | An online mental health education module that students access individually |
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