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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the incidence and risk factor of toxic maculopathy who treated with hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine due to their autoimmune disease such as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus. Total 5-year of the study periods, the investigators will screen these patients by baseline examination (Fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, Humphrey visual field test and multifocal electroretinography) and observe with same examination for every year.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| HCQ/CQ | Patients who treated with HCQ(Hydroxychloroquine) or CQ(Chloroquine) for autoimmune diseases such as Rheumatoid arthritis(RA), systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) will be recruited, and get the composite examination for toxic maculopathy. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Composite Examination | Procedure | First, patients will get the baseline ophthalmologic exam and medical evaluation by physicians. As a diagnostic method, the composite examination including fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, Humphrey visual field test and multifocal electroretinography will be tested once every year. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Incidence of toxic maculopathy associated with HCQ or CQ | 1 years |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Risk factor of HCQ/CQ retinopathy | 5 years | |
| Characteristics and type of HCQ/CQ retinopathy (parafoveal or pericentral retinopathy) | 5 years | |
| Progression of retinopathy after drug cessation |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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The purpose of this cohort study is to evaluate the incidence and risk factor. We will recruit a total of 124 participants considering the study budget.
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JooYong Lee | Contact | +82-2-3010-3976 | ophthalmo@amc.seoul.kr | |
| Byung-gil Moon | Contact | +82-2-3010-1862 | eye82eye@gmail.com |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| JooYong Lee, Professor | Asan Medical Center | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asan Medical Center | Recruiting | Seoul | 05505 | South Korea |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001327 | Autoimmune Diseases |
| D001172 | Arthritis, Rheumatoid |
| D008180 | Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |
| D001168 | Arthritis |
| D007592 | Joint Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
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|
| 1 years |
| D012216 |
| Rheumatic Diseases |
| D003240 | Connective Tissue Diseases |
| D017437 | Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases |