Incidence and Risk Factor of Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine Retinopathy

Incidence and Risk Factor Evaluation for Toxic Maculopathy Associated With Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the incidence and risk factor of toxic maculopathy who treated with hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine due to their autoimmune disease such as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus. Total 5-year of the study periods, the investigators will screen these patients by baseline examination (Fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, Humphrey visual field test and multifocal electroretinography) and observe with same examination for every year.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patient who treated with HCQ or CQ due to autoimmune diseases such as RA, SLE
• Patient who did not previously diagnosed with HCQ/CQ toxic retinopathy

Exclusion Criteria:

• Aged less than 19 years