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This study evaluates whether doctors are familiar with the statistical background of lung cancer screening.
Background: Screening with low-dose CT scan can prevent three deaths due to lung cancer among 1000 high-risk individuals. However, false-positive results and radiation exposure are relevant disadvantages deserving accurate consideration. Candidates for screening can only make an autonomous decision if doctors inform them correctly about the pros and cons of the method. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate, whether doctors understand the test characteristics of lung cancer screening.
Methods: In a randomized trial, 556 doctors (members of the Austrian Respiratory Society) will be invited to answer questions regarding lung cancer screening based on online case vignettes. Half of the participants will be randomized to the group 'with data' and will receive the correct solutions in advance. The group 'without data' will have to rely on prior knowledge or estimate. Primary endpoint will be the between-groups difference in the estimated number of deaths preventable by screening. Secondary endpoints will be the between-groups differences in prevalence of lung cancer, prevalence of suspicious results, sensitivity, specificity, positive-predictive value, and false negative rate. Estimations will also be compared to actual values from the literature.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| With Data | Active Comparator | Participants received statistical data about lung cancer screening |
|
| Without Data | No Intervention | Participants had no statistical data on lung cancer screening |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| With Data | Other | The participants received statistical data about lung cancer screening in order to help them answer the questionaire |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Between-groups difference in the estimated reduction of mortality due to lung cancer screening | Participants had 14 days to complete the survey | 14 days |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Between-groups difference prevalence of lung cancer | Participants had 14 days to complete the survey | 14 days |
| Between-groups difference in sensitivity of lung cancer screening | Participants had 14 days to complete the survey |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Georg-Christian Funk, Assoc.Prof. | Otto Wagner Hospital | Principal Investigator |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23136229 | Background | Couraud S, Cortot AB, Greillier L, Gounant V, Mennecier B, Girard N, Besse B, Brouchet L, Castelnau O, Frappe P, Ferretti GR, Guittet L, Khalil A, Lefebure P, Laurent F, Liebart S, Molinier O, Quoix E, Revel MP, Stach B, Souquet PJ, Thomas P, Tredaniel J, Lemarie E, Zalcman G, Barlesi F, Milleron B; French lung cancer screening statement taskforce; groupe d'Oncologie de langue francaise. From randomized trials to the clinic: is it time to implement individual lung-cancer screening in clinical practice? A multidisciplinary statement from French experts on behalf of the French intergroup (IFCT) and the groupe d'Oncologie de langue francaise (GOLF). Ann Oncol. 2013 Mar;24(3):586-97. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mds476. Epub 2012 Nov 7. | |
| 2161310 |
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| 14 days |
| Between-groups difference in the frequency of a positive test result | Participants had 14 days to complete the survey | 14 days |
| Between-groups difference in specificity of lung cancer screening | Participants had 14 days to complete the survey | 14 days |
| Between-groups difference in positive predictive value of lung cancer screening | Participants had 14 days to complete the survey | 14 days |
| Between-groups difference in the false negative rate of lung cancer screening | Participants had 14 days to complete the survey | 14 days |
| Background |
| Dupont WD, Plummer WD Jr. Power and sample size calculations. A review and computer program. Control Clin Trials. 1990 Apr;11(2):116-28. doi: 10.1016/0197-2456(90)90005-m. |
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| 22710039 | Background | Jaklitsch MT, Jacobson FL, Austin JH, Field JK, Jett JR, Keshavjee S, MacMahon H, Mulshine JL, Munden RF, Salgia R, Strauss GM, Swanson SJ, Travis WD, Sugarbaker DJ. The American Association for Thoracic Surgery guidelines for lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography scans for lung cancer survivors and other high-risk groups. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2012 Jul;144(1):33-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2012.05.060. |
| 12038920 | Background | Nuovo J, Melnikow J, Chang D. Reporting number needed to treat and absolute risk reduction in randomized controlled trials. JAMA. 2002 Jun 5;287(21):2813-4. doi: 10.1001/jama.287.21.2813. |
| 25433982 | Background | Rasmussen JF, Siersma V, Pedersen JH, Brodersen J. Psychosocial consequences in the Danish randomised controlled lung cancer screening trial (DLCST). Lung Cancer. 2015 Jan;87(1):65-72. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2014.11.003. Epub 2014 Nov 20. |
| 25734672 | Background | Schulz C. [Lung cancer screening and management of small pulmonary nodules]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2015 Mar;140(5):317-22. doi: 10.1055/s-0041-100760. Epub 2015 Mar 3. German. |
| 25679109 | Background | Simmons J, Gould MK, Woloshin S, Schwartz LM, Wiener RS. Attitudes about low-dose computed tomography screening for lung cancer: a survey of American Thoracic Society Clinicians. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2015 Feb 15;191(4):483-6. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201409-1747LE. No abstract available. |
| 20719463 | Background | Wegwarth O, Gigerenzer G. "There is nothing to worry about": gynecologists' counseling on mammography. Patient Educ Couns. 2011 Aug;84(2):251-6. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2010.07.025. Epub 2010 Aug 16. |
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| 21714641 | Result | National Lung Screening Trial Research Team; Aberle DR, Adams AM, Berg CD, Black WC, Clapp JD, Fagerstrom RM, Gareen IF, Gatsonis C, Marcus PM, Sicks JD. Reduced lung-cancer mortality with low-dose computed tomographic screening. N Engl J Med. 2011 Aug 4;365(5):395-409. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1102873. Epub 2011 Jun 29. |
| 29372409 | Derived | Schmidt R, Breyer M, Breyer-Kohansal R, Urban M, Funk GC. Do doctors understand the test characteristics of lung cancer screening? Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2018 Apr;130(7-8):238-246. doi: 10.1007/s00508-017-1305-9. Epub 2018 Jan 25. |