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higher POCD in nimodipine Group
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The calcium channel blocker nimodipine dilates cerebral blood vessels and can pass through the blood-brain barrier, providing neuroprotective effects by selectively improving cerebral blood flow and inhibiting neuronal necrosis and apoptosis. Nimodipine significantly inhibited the production of tumor necrosis factor TNF-α and interleukin IL-1β, and also of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated microglia. Abnormal cytokine networks are important in the development of nerve cell damage that leads to cognitive impairment.
All patients aged above 60 years undergoing planned neurosurgical operations in the duration up to 4 hours under general anesthesia will be included in the study. The patients will not be sedated by any type of benzodiazepine. A dose of 30 mg nimodipine or placebo will be applied 45 minutes before the surgery according to the randomization. Anesthesia will be managed according to the standardised protocol. Concentration of desflurane will be adjusted according to entropy values (target 40-50). Analgetics will be applied according to surgical pleth index (SPI) values. Sufentanil will not be applied in the last 15 minutes. Extubation will be performed at the operating theatre when meeting all extubation criteria including train of four ratio (TOFR) above 92%. Neither syntophylline, nor pharmacological decurarization (syntostigmine) will be applied to the patients.During the surgery, blood pressure will be maintained within ± 15% of the patient's normal blood pressure. Cognitive dysfunction tests will be executed on the day before the surgery, two hours after the surgery and on the third postoperative day.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nimodipine group | Experimental | 1 tbl of 30 mg nimodipine will be administered orally with premedication |
|
| Control group | Experimental | 1 tbl of placebo will be administered orally with premedication |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nimodipine group | Drug | the stability of the blood pressure will be managed in interval plus minus 15% of patient's resting blood pressure |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in cognitive behavior | measured by Addenbrooks cognitive test | within the first 3 days after surgery |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Vlasta Dostalova, MD, PhD | University Hospital Hradec Kralove | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University Hospital | Hradec Králové | 50005 | Czechia |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D060825 | Cognitive Dysfunction |
| D000079690 | Postoperative Cognitive Complications |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003072 | Cognition Disorders |
| D019965 | Neurocognitive Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D011183 | Postoperative Complications |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009553 | Nimodipine |
| D035061 | Control Groups |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004095 | Dihydropyridines |
| D011725 | Pyridines |
| D006573 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
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| Control group | Drug | the stability of the blood pressure will be managed in interval plus minus 15% of patient's resting blood pressure |
|
|
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D009539 |
| Nicotinic Acids |
| D015340 | Epidemiologic Research Design |
| D004812 | Epidemiologic Methods |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
| D012107 | Research Design |
| D008722 | Methods |