Electrical Stimulation of the Muscle Pumps of the Leg

Electrical Stimulation of the Muscle Pumps of the Leg

The most efficient way of electrically stimulating the calf muscles has not been identified. The investigators aim to investigate this using a matrix of electrical parameters, and measuring the outcome with vascular ultrasound of the leg.

Blood is aided on its journey to the heart by the action of the muscles of the legs. Muscle contraction squeezes the deep veins of the leg and pushes blood upwards, back towards the heart. In immobilised patients, or those with blood vessel problems, the pumping process can be helped by machines that either squeeze or shock the muscles of the calf (e.g. intermittent pneumatic compression, electrical stimulating devices). Many are licensed for medical use, and some are common place in hospitals and outpatient departments.

Inclusion Criteria:

• 18 years or older
• Current good health

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of cardiovascular disease
• Ankle Brachial Pressure Index <0.9
• Venous reflux>0.5s
• Pregnancy