Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Patients were randomized in 3 groups: two intervent groups and a control group. The first group received two weeks of daily session of repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS, 10 sessions) and, at least 6 months after, two weeks of daily transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS, 10 sessions); the second group received 10 daily session of tDCS and, after at least 6 months, 10 sessions of rTMS; the control group received 10 daily session of sham tDCS.
Physiatric evaluations (ARAT scale), neuropsychological assessment and ERP (P300) were performed before (1 week) and after (1 week) the end of each treatment. Furthermore, all patients underwent follow-up neuropsychological assessment 6 months after the end of each stimulation period and follow-up physiatric evaluation at 3 and 6 months after the end of each stimulation period.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| tDCS+rTMS | Experimental | Stroke patients were treated with an initial two weeks of transcranial direct current stimulation and after six months with two weeks of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. |
|
| rTMS+tDCS | Experimental | Stroke patients were treated with an initial two weeks of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and after six months with two weeks of transcranial direct current stimulation. |
|
| Sham stimulation | Sham Comparator | Stroke patients were treated with two weeks of sham transcranial direct current stimulation. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| tDCS | Device | Stroke rehabilitation performed with the aid of a transcranial electrical stimulation device. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from the baseline ARAT (measures Grasp, Grip, Pinch, Gross Movement) | Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) measures Grasp, Grip, Pinch, Gross Movement. Baseline is 1 week before first treatment; other time frame: 1 week after first treatment; 3 months after first treatment; 6 months follow-up after first treatment; 1 week before second treatment; 1 week after second treatment; 3 months follow-up after second treatment; 6 months follow-up after second treatment. | Baseline; 1 month; 3 months; 6 months; 6 months and 1 week; 7 months; 9 months; 12 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| P300 (latency) | The P300 (P3) wave is an event related potential (ERP) component elicited in the process of decision making. Investigators measured the latency of the component 1 week before first treatment; 1 week after first treatment; 1 week before second treatment; 1 week after second treatment. | Baseline; 1 month; 6 months and 1 week; 7 months |
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Federico D'Agata, PhD | University of Turin, Italy | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza | Turin | 10126 | Italy |
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020521 | Stroke |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002561 | Cerebrovascular Disorders |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D065908 | Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004599 | Electric Stimulation Therapy |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D003295 | Convulsive Therapy |
| D013000 | Psychiatric Somatic Therapies |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| rTMS | Device | Stroke rehabilitation performed with the aid of a repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation device. |
|
|
| Sham | Device | Stroke sham stimulation performed with the aid of a transcranial electrical stimulation device. |
|
|
| Cognition (standardized neuropsychological assessment) | The patients were evaluated by means of a standardized neuropsychological assessment consisting of a battery of cognitive tests involving the following domains: verbal short-term memory, visuospatial learning, working memory, verbal learning, attention and frontal executive functions, and general cognitive impairment. The assessment was repeated 1 week before first treatment; 1 week after first treatment; 6 months follow-up after first treatment; 1 week before second treatment; 1 week after second treatment; 6 months follow-up after second treatment. | Baseline; 1 month; 6 months; 6 months and 1 week; 7 months; 12 months |
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D004191 | Behavioral Disciplines and Activities |
| D004597 | Electroshock |
| D011580 | Psychological Techniques |