TOP is a youth development and service learning program for youth designed to reduce teenage pregnancy and increase school success by helping youth develop a positive self-image, life management skills, and realistic goals. The TOP program model consists of three components implemented in school, after school, or in community settings over nine months: (1) weekly curriculum sessions, (2) community service learning, and (3) positive adult guidance and support. The TOP Changing Scenes Curriculum is separated into four age-/stage-appropriate levels, Level 1 is typically for youth ages 12 or 13 and Level 4 is typically for youth age 17. The intended program dosage for each participant is a minimum of 25 weekly sessions and at least 20 hours of community service learning over nine months. One or two facilitators, who plan the order of sessions based on the needs and interest of youth, implemented TOP in a group of 10 to 25 youth.

Students in the control condition receive a benign intervention called the Community Voices (CV) program, which like TOP, meets in a group setting. The CV students are convened four times during the program year. Sessions are the same length as the TOP sessions. The first and last CV sessions are primarily focused on survey data gathering. At the two other sessions, CV students are convened to discuss current issues among young people in their community. The CV program specifically does not include any sexuality education or community service learning opportunities.

Students received the Teen Outreach Program as described previously.

In the spring at the end of the program year, did the Teen Outreach Program students report significantly fewer pregnancies or births than the students in the Community Voices (the counterfactual) program?

In the spring, one year following the end of the program year, did the Teen Outreach Program students report significantly fewer pregnancies or births than the students in the Community Voices (the counterfactual) program?