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The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of retinoic acid on the HDL-PON1 activity and cholesterol efflux capacity in hypercholesterolemic subjects.
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1), an enzyme associated with high-density lipoprotein, is reported to have antioxidant and cardioprotective properties. And all-trans-retinoic acid revealed the ameliorating atherosclerosis effects in many reports.There maybe some correlations between retinoic acid and PON1 activity and the study aim to prove it.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| control | Placebo Comparator | the participants in this arm are instruted to consume placebo capsules |
|
| treatment | Experimental | the participants in this arm are instruted to consume retinoic acid capsules |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| retinoic acid | Dietary Supplement | During the trial period, the participants are instructed to consume retinoic acid capsules twice daily (30 min after breakfast and supper).The retinoic acid capsules provided a total daily intake of 10 mg of retinoic acid. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| PON1 activity | PON1 activity is assayed in HDL isolated from plasma of subjects from the placebo and retinoic acid groups by using UV spectrophotometry in a 96-well plate format using phenyl acetate or paraoxon as substrates. | changes from baseline in PON1 activity at 12 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Lp-PLA2 activity | Lp-PLA2 activity in apoB-depleted plasma after the sedimentation of all apoB-containing lipoproteins with dextran sulfate-magnesium chloride is determined using the trichloroacetic acid precipitation procedure using 2-thio platelet-activation factor as a substrate. | changes from baseline in Lp-PLA2 activity at 12 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| cholesterol efflux capacity | The cholesterol efflux capacity of the two groups at baseline and after intervention is quantified by a modified method with J774 mouse macrophages. After plated and radiolabeled with 3H-cholesterolper, J774 macrophages are incubation with cAMP and apoB-depleted serum successively. Liquid scintillation counting is used to quantify the efflux of radioactive cholesterol from the cells. |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Min Xia, PhD | Sun Yat-sen University | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University (Northern Campus) | Guangzhou | Guangdong | 510080 | China |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006937 | Hypercholesterolemia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006949 | Hyperlipidemias |
| D050171 | Dyslipidemias |
| D052439 | Lipid Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014212 | Tretinoin |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014801 | Vitamin A |
| D012176 | Retinoids |
| D002338 | Carotenoids |
| D011090 | Polyenes |
| D000475 |
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| placebo | Other | During the trial period, the participants are instructed to consume placebo capsules twice daily (30 min after breakfast and supper).The placebo capsules are composed of starch and pigment. |
|
| changes from baseline in cholesterol efflux capacity at 12 weeks |
| D009750 |
| Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| Alkenes |
| D006839 | Hydrocarbons, Acyclic |
| D006838 | Hydrocarbons |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D053138 | Cyclohexenes |
| D003510 | Cyclohexanes |
| D003516 | Cycloparaffins |
| D006840 | Hydrocarbons, Alicyclic |
| D006844 | Hydrocarbons, Cyclic |
| D013729 | Terpenes |
| D004224 | Diterpenes |
| D010860 | Pigments, Biological |
| D001685 | Biological Factors |