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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Robert Wood Johnson Foundation | OTHER |
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The purpose of this research study is to test the effectiveness of telephone-based early childhood developmental screening and care coordination, compared to usual care in a primary care pediatrics clinic. Investigators randomized 152 participants to one of two study arms, with the intervention families receiving developmental screening over the phone, and control families receiving usual care with their pediatricians.
Although the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends universal early childhood developmental screening as part of routine well-child care, there have been many studies documenting that many pediatricians do not follow the AAP guidelines. One intervention that has the potential to improve care, especially for low-income families, is centralized, telephone-based developmental screening, and care coordination for families whose children have developmental or behavioral concerns. 2-1-1 Los Angeles developed such an intervention and this study aims to test its effectiveness, in partnership with a local community clinic, using a randomized, controlled study design. Investigators partnered with the Clinica Oscar A Romero, a federally-qualified health center in Los Angeles, serving predominantly low-income Latino families. Investigators hope to enroll up to 300 families in the study. Eligible families will have children ages 12 to 42 months of age who receive well-child care at the clinic. As investigators obtain informed consent and enroll families, they will randomize study participants into intervention and control groups. Intervention group families will be transferred to 211 Los Angeles to complete developmental screening over the phone, while control group families will go to their pediatricians for well-child care as usual.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Telephone-based screening | Experimental | Families randomized to the intervention arm will be connected with 211 Los Angeles for completion of developmental screening over the phone. Screening will consist of three structured, validated, parent-report tools: the Parental Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS), the PEDS Developmental Milestones (PEDS:DM), and the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT). If any developmental or behavioral concerns are present, the care coordinator at 211 Los Angeles will make appropriate referrals for developmental evaluation and intervention services. A copy of the care plan generated from 211 will be sent to the child's primary care provider and included in the medical record. |
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| Usual care | No Intervention | Children randomized to the control group will report for their well-child care visits as scheduled, and will receive clinic-based developmental screening and care coordination. Any developmental or behavioral concerns will be directed to the child's pediatrician, as is the current clinical recommendation. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Telephone-based developmental screening and care coordination | Behavioral |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Participants Screened With a Validated Tool | We will measure whether developmental screening was done using a validated instrument, as recommended by the AAP. Specific screening instruments include the Parental Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS), the PEDS: Developmental Milestones (PEDS:DM), the Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ), and/or the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (MCHAT), Revised version. | 6 months |
| Number of Participants That Receive Services | Based on medical record review, parent report, and 211 data, we will measure whether children are receiving intervention services, including Early Intervention or Special Education. | 6 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Participants Referred for Evaluation/Services (Early Intervention or Early Childhood Special Education) | Based on medical record review, parent report, and 211 data, we measured whether any referrals were made for children with developmental or behavioral concerns, for evaluation or services. | 6 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Paul J Chung, MD, MS | Universilty of California, Los Angeles | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinica Oscar A Romero | Los Angeles | California | 90057 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30894408 | Derived | Nelson BB, Thompson LR, Herrera P, Biely C, Arriola Zarate D, Aceves I, Estrada I, Chan V, Orantes C, Chung PJ. Telephone-Based Developmental Screening and Care Coordination Through 2-1-1: A Randomized Trial. Pediatrics. 2019 Apr;143(4):e20181064. doi: 10.1542/peds.2018-1064. |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Telephone-based Screening | Families randomized to the intervention arm will be connected with 211 Los Angeles for completion of developmental screening over the phone. Screening will consist of three structured, validated, parent-report tools: the Parental Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS), the PEDS Developmental Milestones (PEDS:DM), and the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT). If any developmental or behavioral concerns are present, the care coordinator at 211 Los Angeles will make appropriate referrals for developmental evaluation and intervention services. A copy of the care plan generated from 211 will be sent to the child's primary care provider and included in the medical record. Telephone-based developmental screening and care coordination |
| FG001 | Usual Care | Children randomized to the control group will report for their well-child care visits as scheduled, and will receive clinic-based developmental screening and care coordination. Any developmental or behavioral concerns will be directed to the child's pediatrician, as is the current clinical recommendation. |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | |||||||||||||||||||||
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| Overall Study |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Telephone-based Screening | Families randomized to the intervention arm will be connected with 211 Los Angeles for completion of developmental screening over the phone. Screening will consist of three structured, validated, parent-report tools: the Parental Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS), the PEDS Developmental Milestones (PEDS:DM), and the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT). If any developmental or behavioral concerns are present, the care coordinator at 211 Los Angeles will make appropriate referrals for developmental evaluation and intervention services. A copy of the care plan generated from 211 will be sent to the child's primary care provider and included in the medical record. Telephone-based developmental screening and care coordination |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
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| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | Mean |
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Number of Participants Screened With a Validated Tool | We will measure whether developmental screening was done using a validated instrument, as recommended by the AAP. Specific screening instruments include the Parental Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS), the PEDS: Developmental Milestones (PEDS:DM), the Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ), and/or the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (MCHAT), Revised version. | Posted | Count of Participants | Participants | 6 months |
|
6 months
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Telephone-based Screening | Families randomized to the intervention arm will be connected with 211 Los Angeles for completion of developmental screening over the phone. Screening will consist of three structured, validated, parent-report tools: the Parental Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS), the PEDS Developmental Milestones (PEDS:DM), and the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT). If any developmental or behavioral concerns are present, the care coordinator at 211 Los Angeles will make appropriate referrals for developmental evaluation and intervention services. A copy of the care plan generated from 211 will be sent to the child's primary care provider and included in the medical record. Telephone-based developmental screening and care coordination |
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Sample of 152 children enrolled is relatively small, comes from single clinic system and was fairly homogeneous in terms of race and ethnicity, primary language, and other socio-demographic variables.
| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Principal Research Manager, Health Services Research Program | University of California Los Angeles | 310-825-8624 | lindseythompson@mednet.ucla.edu |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002658 | Developmental Disabilities |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D065886 | Neurodevelopmental Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
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Participants were randomized individually at the time of enrollment, to receive either telephone-based developmental screening and care coordination, through 2-1-1 Los Angeles, in addition to usual care, or usual care alone. Primary outcomes were measured at 6 months after enrollment.
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| Primary Care Experiences: Percent of Anticipatory Guidance Topics Discussed & Percentage of Family-Centered Care Items That Participants Report as Usually or Always |
Based on parent interviews we will assess family experiences with primary care including receipt of recommended well-child care, using recommended anticipatory guidance and family-centered care items from the Promoting Healthy Development Survey (PHDS) |
| Baseline and 6 months |
| BG001 | Usual Care | Children randomized to the control group will report for their well-child care visits as scheduled, and will receive clinic-based developmental screening and care coordination. Any developmental or behavioral concerns will be directed to the child's pediatrician, as is the current clinical recommendation. |
| BG002 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| months |
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| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants |
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| Race/Ethnicity, Customized | Count of Participants | Participants |
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| OG001 | Usual Care | Children randomized to the control group will report for their well-child care visits as scheduled, and will receive clinic-based developmental screening and care coordination. Any developmental or behavioral concerns will be directed to the child's pediatrician, as is the current clinical recommendation. |
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| Primary | Number of Participants That Receive Services | Based on medical record review, parent report, and 211 data, we will measure whether children are receiving intervention services, including Early Intervention or Special Education. | Posted | Count of Participants | Participants | 6 months |
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| Secondary | Number of Participants Referred for Evaluation/Services (Early Intervention or Early Childhood Special Education) | Based on medical record review, parent report, and 211 data, we measured whether any referrals were made for children with developmental or behavioral concerns, for evaluation or services. | Posted | Count of Participants | Participants | 6 months |
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| Secondary | Primary Care Experiences: Percent of Anticipatory Guidance Topics Discussed & Percentage of Family-Centered Care Items That Participants Report as Usually or Always | Based on parent interviews we will assess family experiences with primary care including receipt of recommended well-child care, using recommended anticipatory guidance and family-centered care items from the Promoting Healthy Development Survey (PHDS) | Restricted to participants with parent interview at both baseline and 6-month follow-up. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | percentage of items | Baseline and 6 months |
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| 0 |
| 77 |
| 0 |
| 77 |
| 0 |
| 77 |
| EG001 | Usual Care | Children randomized to the control group will report for their well-child care visits as scheduled, and will receive clinic-based developmental screening and care coordination. Any developmental or behavioral concerns will be directed to the child's pediatrician, as is the current clinical recommendation. | 0 | 75 | 0 | 75 | 0 | 75 |
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| 6-months% recommended anticipatory guidance topics |
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| 6-months% family-centered care (usually/always) |
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