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The purpose of the study is to test the use of amber glasses at night as a method to block blue light from the eye, allowing the brain to produce a dim-light melatonin onset. The investigators hypothesize that blue-blocking will produce measurable benefits in subjectively and objectively rated sleep quality and mood as well as salivary melatonin levels during the night.
Participants will complete a self-report battery containing measures of sleep quality, morningness-eveningness chronotype, and mood. Participants will then wear a wrist-worn accelerometer for 14 days to objectively record activity level and sleep quality. Participants will also fill out a daily sleep log and short self-report measures assessing sleep and mood. On days 4-7 and 11-14 of the study the participants will wear either amber or placebo control lenses prior to sleep onset in a randomized crossover design (i.e., participants will be randomized to wear either amber lenses or placebo lenses for the first part of the protocol and then switch to wear the opposite lenses for the second part of the protocol). Participants will spend nights 7 and 14 of the study in a sleep laboratory in order to obtain hourly melatonin samples and wear a wrist sleep monitor to non-invasively and objectively measure sleep state and quality using peripheral arterial tone and oxygen perfusion.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Amber Lenses | Other | Participants will be randomized to participate in the amber lens condition first or second. Outcome measures to assess the effects of wearing amber lenses to block the blue light spectrum of light includes mood and sleep rating questionnaires (Positive and Negative Affect Scale, PANAS; Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire) as well as measuring the levels of melatonin the body is producing while wearing the glasses. |
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| Placebo Lenses | Other | Participants will be randomized to participate in the placebo lens condition first or second. Outcome measures to assess the effects of wearing placebo lenses to allow all spectrums of light includes mood and sleep rating questionnaires (Positive and Negative Affect Scale, PANAS; Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire) as well as measuring the levels of melatonin the body is producing while wearing the glasses. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amber Lenses | Other | Glasses fitted with amber lenses that block the blue spectrum of light (~470 nm) to be worn prior to desired sleep onset time. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Increase dim-light melatonin production | Hourly saliva samples will be collected from participants at the end of each 4 night interval in order to measure levels of melatonin production. | 4 days |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Improved subjective self-reported mood | Participants will complete the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) on a daily basis to measure self-reported mood. | 4 days |
| Improved objective measures of sleep |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Eric Youngstrom, PhD | University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of North Carolina | Chapel Hill | North Carolina | 27599 | United States |
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| Placebo Lenses | Other | Glasses fitted with placebo lenses that allow all visible spectrum of light to be worn prior to desired sleep onset time. |
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Participants will complete nights in the sleep lab while wearing a watch device to measure arterial tone in order to objectively measure time spent in different sleep stages.
| 4 days |
| Improved subjective self-reported sleep quality | Participants will complete the Leeds Sleep Evaluation in order to assess self-report of sleep quality. | 4 days |