Low accrual

This is a pilot clinical study of hyperpolarized pyruvate (13C) injection that includes the acquisition of magnetic resonance (MR) data and will be performed in men with localized prostate cancer. Part 1: Five patients will be evaluated for reproducibility of 13C HP MR imaging measurements obtained 2-3 weeks apart with no interim treatment. Part 2: Five patients will be evaluated for the change in 13C HP MR imaging measurements after 2 months of ADT.

13C HP MR data will be acquired in two parts of the study (which can occur simultaneously): Part 1: Patients will undergo imaging at baseline and will be repeated two to three weeks later (with no intervention in the interim) to evaluate reproducibility.

Part 2: Patients will undergo imaging at baseline, initiate androgen deprivation therapy, and undergo repeat imaging two months after initiation of ADT to evaluate the ability of the imaging to reflect a metabolic response to treatment.

The change in pyruvate/lactate ratio and lactate levels will be measured and compared to baseline at these timepoints.

Inclusion Criteria:

• The subject has biopsy-proven adenocarcinoma of the prostate with intermediate to high risk disease by UCSF CAPRA scoring and possesses a Gleason 4 component to the tumor. Subjects will be enrolled either prior to radical prostatectomy (N=5) or prior to 2 months of androgen deprivation therapy (LHRH agonist +/- antiandrogen) followed by definitive radiation therapy as their primary treatment for prostate cancer (N=5).
• The subject is able and willing to comply with study procedures and provide signed and dated informed consent.
• At least 5 mm of tumor on biopsy (can have multiple cores to comprise 5 mm).
• The subject has concordant MRI/1H MRSI findings from a MR staging exam at UCSF performed prior to the 13C MRSI exam performed in this study with IMP, or is willing to undergo MRI/1H MRSI in connection with the study exam.
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status of 0 or 1.
• Laboratory criteria for protocol entry:
• Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥1000 cells/µL
• Hemoglobin ≥9.0 gm/dL
• Platelets ≥75,000 cells/µL
• Estimated creatinine clearance ≥50 mL/min
• Total bilirubin ≤1.5x ULN (or if ≤4 gm/dL and direct bilirubin is WNL)
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤1.5x ULN
• Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤1.5x ULN
• Willing to use contraception during and for 1 month after completion of the study.
• For part 2 of the study: plans to initiate castrating therapy (with a GnRH antagonist, GnRH agonist, or orchiectomy). An antiandrogen may be started after initial imaging but can not be used prior to baseline imaging. An antiandrogen is allowed but not required.

Exclusion Criteria:

• The subject has received, or is scheduled to receive, another IMP from 1 month before to 1 month after inclusion in this study.
• Current or prior androgen deprivation therapy; previous use of a 5-α reductase inhibitor is allowed, provided it was discontinued at least one month prior to study entry.
• Poorly controlled hypertension, with blood pressure at study entry>160/100.
• Contraindication for or inability to tolerate MRI examination.
• Prostate biopsy within 12 weeks prior to study entry.
• BMI of less than 18.5 or greater than 32. Subject body weight should be less than or equal to 100 kg owing to limitations in the amount of IMP available.
• Congestive heart failure or New York Heart Association (NYHA) status≥2.
• A history of clinically significant EKG abnormalities, including QT prolongation, a family history of prolonged QT interval syndrome, or myocardial infarction (MI) less than 1 year ago with ensuing unstable EKG.
• Ongoing acute or chronic pulmonary bronchospastic disease, including a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or asthma, with an exacerbation within the past year.