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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the acceptability and uptake of a combination package of biomedical, behavioral and community-level HIV prevention interventions and services for men who have sex with men (MSM) in South Africa.
The objective of the Sibanye Health Project is to develop and evaluate a combination package of biomedical, behavioral and community-level HIV prevention interventions and services for men who have sex with men (MSM) in Africa. Experience implementing the prevention interventions and preliminary data collected regarding the acceptability of the HIV prevention package will be used to develop a proposal to design a larger efficacy trial to test the combination HIV prevention package for MSM.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| HIV+ subjects | Experimental | Men who test positive for HIV will receive a comprehensive package of HIV prevention services, including condom choices, condom-compatible lubricant choices, risk-reduction counseling, couples HIV counseling and testing, and linkage to care |
|
| HIV- subjects | Experimental | Men who test negative for HIV will receive a comprehensive package of HIV prevention services, including condom choices, condom-compatible lubricant choices, enhanced HIV testing options, risk-reduction counseling, couples HIV counseling and testing, linkage to care, and screening for and offering of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). If men test positive for HIV during the study, they will be transitioned into the HIV+ subjects arm. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Condom choices | Behavioral | Men will receive the condom package that includes an assortment of styles, sizes, features and colors at their baseline visit, and will be able to get more condoms for free at any time after that visit by coming to a study clinic during clinic hours, or during a scheduled study visit. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Retention in the cohort | Will assess the ability of the study to retain participants for full study period. This will be measured by the proportion of enrolled participants who attend all subsequent study visits through the 12-month visit. | 12 months |
| Use of PrEP | Will assess uptake of PrEP by study participants. This will be measured as the proportion of enrolled participants eligible for PrEP at the 3 and 6-month study visits who choose to initiate PrEP at those visits. | 6 months |
| Incident HIV infection | This will be measured as the number of seroconversions during follow-up among those who are HIV-uninfected at baseline. | 12 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Condom use | Measured as the proportion of anal intercourse that is protected by condoms in the prior 3 months as self-reported reported in the questionnaire at each study visit. | 3 months |
| Lubricant use |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Additional Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria for participants on PrEP:
PrEP Inclusion Criteria:
PrEP Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Patrick S Sulivan, DVM, PhD | Rollins School of Public Health | Principal Investigator |
| A.D. McNaghten, PhD, MHSA | Rollins School of Public Health | Principal Investigator |
| Stefan Baral, MD, MPH, CCFP | Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health | Principal Investigator |
| Nancy Phaswanamafuya, PhD | Human Sciences Research Council | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human Sciences Research Council | Port Elizabeth | South Africa |
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|
| Condom-compatible lubricant choices | Behavioral | Men will receive condom-compatible lubricant that will include different types of lubricant (e.g., silicone-based) and different packaging (individual sachets or flat, discreet packages) at their baseline study visit, and participants will be able to access enhanced condom-compatible lubricant at any time after that visit by coming to a study clinic during clinic hours, or during a scheduled study visit. |
|
| Couples HIV counseling and testing (CVCT) | Behavioral | Participants will be invited to schedule couples voluntary HIV counseling and testing (CVCT) appointments with a clinic counselor at any point after they complete their baseline study visit. |
|
| Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (FTC/TDF) | Drug | FTC/TDF is a once daily oral tablet taken with or without food. The tablet includes 200 mg of emtricitabine (FTC) and 300 mg of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). For men who meet eligibility criteria, Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (FTC/TDF) will be made available beginning one month into the study. Men who express interest and meet eligibility criteria at their baseline visit can initiate PrEP at 1 month if they test negative for HIV. For men with extenuating circumstances, whose risk profile changes, of those who become more comfortable with the PrEP intervention through enrollment in the study, PrEP will be available to initiate at the 4 month visit. |
|
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| HIV Testing | Other | Rapid HIV testing at multiple time points |
|
| Linkage to care | Other | Men will be linked to needed services including HIV care and treatment for positives identified at baseline or during the study, including antiretroviral medications, and mental health services. At the end of their baseline visit, participants will receive service referral handouts for HIV care and treatment, mental health services, and other resources, as appropriate. Men who test positive for sexually transmitted infections (STIs )will be treated at the clinic site. |
|
| Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) | Procedure | Two to three antiretroviral medicines as soon as possible (recommended is emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate plus either raltegravir or dolutegravir), but no more than 72 hours (3 days) after one may have been exposed to HIV, to try to reduce the chance of becoming HIV-positive. They must be taken for 28 days. |
|
| Risk-reduction counseling | Behavioral | Risk-reduction counseling will be provided to all men at baseline and additionally at 3, 6, and 12 month visits, with an additional counseling session for men on PrEP at their initiation visit (either month 1 or 4), their 1-month follow-up visit (either month 2 or 5) and at their 9 month visit. Risk reduction counseling will be client-centered counseling, according to CDC's Fundamentals of HIV Prevention Counseling protocol. |
|
Measured as the proportion of condom-protected anal intercourse in the prior for 3 months for which condom-compatible lubricant is used as self-reported in the questionnaire at each study visit.
| 3 months |
| VCT and CVCT uptake | Measured as the number of times participants report HIV testing in the study period as part of the study visits and outside study visits compared to the number of time participants reported HIV testing in the year prior at baseline. | 12 months |
| Serodiscordant unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) | Measured as self-reported UAI in the last 3 months with a partner of positive or unknown HIV status as self-reported in the questionnaire at each study visit, pre- and post-intervention. | 3 months |
| Acceptability of PEP | Measured as the proportion of men who report an eligible exposure who accept and initiate PEP. | 12 months |
| MSM-specific provider training | Measured as the proportion of providers who are offered training who accept the training. | 12 months |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006716 | Homosexuality |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019529 | Sexuality |
| D012725 | Sexual Behavior |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000068679 | Emtricitabine |
| D000068698 | Tenofovir |
| D000069480 | Emtricitabine, Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Drug Combination |
| D000082922 | HIV Testing |
| D056990 | Post-Exposure Prophylaxis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003841 | Deoxycytidine |
| D003562 | Cytidine |
| D011741 | Pyrimidine Nucleosides |
| D011743 | Pyrimidines |
| D006573 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
| D003853 | Deoxyribonucleosides |
| D009705 | Nucleosides |
| D009706 | Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides |
| D063065 | Organophosphonates |
| D009943 | Organophosphorus Compounds |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D000225 | Adenine |
| D011687 | Purines |
| D006574 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring |
| D000072471 | Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring |
| D004338 | Drug Combinations |
| D004364 | Pharmaceutical Preparations |
| D008828 | Microbiological Techniques |
| D019411 | Clinical Laboratory Techniques |
| D019937 | Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures |
| D003933 | Diagnosis |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
| D011314 | Preventive Health Services |
| D006296 | Health Services |
| D005159 | Health Care Facilities Workforce and Services |
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