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Successful proof of concept study after 1 subject.
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Regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells (Treg) derived from the thymus and/or periphery can control immune responsiveness to auto- and allo-antigens. However, there have been few efforts to harness the therapeutic potential of isolated Tregs to control graft rejection and inducing transplantation tolerance in solid organ recipients. In order for Tregs to be used as a clinical treatment, the following properties are necessary: ex vivo generation of sufficient numbers of cells, migration in vivo to sites of antigenic reactivity, ability to suppress rejection in an alloantigen-specific manner, and survival/expansion after infusion. The and others have demonstrated 1) the feasibility of expanding Treg ex vivo, 2) the ability of these cells to down-regulate allogeneic immune responses in vitro, and 3) the efficacy of Treg for prevention of allograft rejection in animal models. In kidney transplant, the investigators have developed strategies for the ex vivo expansion of naturally occurring human Tregs (nTregs) from leukapheresis products that would allow for the clinical employment of this cellular therapy. The investigators are also interested in this approach in patients with end stage liver disease (ESLD) undergoing liver transplantation (LT). Our central hypothesis is that alloreactive human nTreg with suppressive action can be expanded ex vivo from ESLD patients (this proposal) and used to both prevent liver transplant rejection and facilitate the minimization and withdrawal of drug-based immunosuppression (future proposals). This application will further define and validate efficient methods for ex vivo expansion of human CD4+CD25+CD127- FOXP3+nTregs cells in ESLD. The investigators herein propose to use leukapheresis products obtained from patients with ESLD to further refine and optimize protocols for expansion of Tregs. Suppressive function of expanded cells will be assessed using in vitro assays of alloreactivity (mixed lymphocyte culture).
Regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells (Treg) derived from the thymus and/or periphery can control immune responsiveness to auto- and allo-antigens. However, there have been few efforts to harness the therapeutic potential of isolated Tregs to control graft rejection and inducing transplantation tolerance in solid organ recipients. In order for Tregs to be used as a clinical treatment, the following properties are necessary: ex vivo generation of sufficient numbers of cells, migration in vivo to sites of antigenic reactivity, ability to suppress rejection in an alloantigen-specific manner, and survival/expansion after infusion. We and others have demonstrated 1) the feasibility of expanding Treg ex vivo, 2) the ability of these cells to down-regulate allogeneic immune responses in vitro, and 3) the efficacy of Treg for prevention of allograft rejection in animal models. In kidney transplant, we have developed strategies for the ex vivo expansion of naturally occurring human Tregs (nTregs) from leukapheresis products that would allow for the clinical employment of this cellular therapy. We are also interested in this approach in patients with end stage liver disease (ESLD) undergoing liver transplantation (LT). Our central hypothesis is that alloreactive human nTreg with suppressive action can be expanded ex vivo from ESLD patients (this proposal) and used to both prevent liver transplant rejection and facilitate the minimization and withdrawal of drug-based immunosuppression (future proposals). This application will further define and validate efficient methods for ex vivo expansion of human CD4+CD25+CD127- FOXP3+nTregs cells in ESLD. We herein propose to use leukapheresis products obtained from patients with ESLD to further refine and optimize protocols for expansion of Tregs. Suppressive function of expanded cells will be assessed using in vitro assays of alloreactivity (mixed lymphocyte culture).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Leaukapheresis of End Stage Liver Disease Patients | Other | Leukapheresis. All subjects will receive the same treatment arm. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leukapheresis | Procedure | Catheter placement will occur for about 1 hour. The research nurse will schedule leukapheresis on the next day following catheter placement. On the day of leukapheresis, a blood draw will monitor blood counts, kidney function, liver function, and blood clotting ability. Vital signs will be checked three times over the course of intervention. During the procedure, blood is mixed with anticoagulant and separated (i.e. red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma). 1-1.5 cups of white blood cells will be collected. Leukapheresis will last 3-6 hours. Remaining components, except for 100-200 ml of plasma, are returned through the catheter. Two teaspoons of blood will be drawn to determine when catheter removal can occur. This part of intervention lasts about 2.5-4 hours. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Regulatory CD4+CD25+ T Cells Obtained From 150 ml of Peripheral Blood in an ESLD Patient | Number of regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells after 21 days in culture from leukapheresis product (150 ml of processed blood) from ESLD patient. | 21 days |
| Suppressive Function of Expanded Cells Will be Assessed Using in Vitro Assays of Alloreactivity (Mixed Lymphocyte Culture) | Assay testing - Suppressive function of expanded cells will be assessed using in vitro assays of alloreactivity (mixed lymphocyte culture). The in vitro assays will test whether the expanded Tregs will retain their suppressive function. | 21 days |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Josh Levitsky, MD | Northwestern University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Northwestern University Comprehensive Transplant Center | Chicago | Illinois | 60611 | United States |
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Recruitment of the study subjects will be made from the End Stage Liver disease patients attending the outpatient pre-transplant clinics of the Northwestern Comprehensive Transplant Center.
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Single Arm Intervention | Leukapheresis. All subjects will be assigned to the the same intervention arm. Leukapheresis: Catheter placement will occur for about 1 hour. The research nurse will schedule leukapheresis on the next day following catheter placement. On the day of leukapheresis, a blood draw will monitor blood counts, kidney function, liver function, and blood clotting ability. Vital signs will be checked three times over the course of intervention. During the procedure, blood is mixed with anticoagulant and separated (i.e. red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma). 1-1.5 cups of white blood cells will be collected. Leukapheresis will last 3-6 hours. Remaining components, except for 100-200 ml of plasma, are returned through the catheter. Two teaspoons of blood will be drawn to determine when catheter removal can occur. This part of intervention lasts about 2.5-4 hours. |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Single Arm Study | Leukapheresis. All subjects will receive the same treatment arm. |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
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| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | Mean |
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Number of Regulatory CD4+CD25+ T Cells Obtained From 150 ml of Peripheral Blood in an ESLD Patient | Number of regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells after 21 days in culture from leukapheresis product (150 ml of processed blood) from ESLD patient. | Posted | Number | Tregs/150ml | 21 days |
|
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Single Arm Treatment | Leukapheresis. All subjects will receive the same treatment arm. Leukapheresis: Catheter placement will occur for about 1 hour. The research nurse will schedule leukapheresis on the next day following catheter placement. On the day of leukapheresis, a blood draw will monitor blood counts, kidney function, liver function, and blood clotting ability. Vital signs will be checked three times over the course of intervention. During the procedure, blood is mixed with anticoagulant and separated (i.e. red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma). 1-1.5 cups of white blood cells will be collected. Leukapheresis will last 3-6 hours. Remaining components, except for 100-200 ml of plasma, are returned through the catheter. Two teaspoons of blood will be drawn to determine when catheter removal can occur. This part of intervention lasts about 2.5-4 hours. |
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We stopped the study after one subject was enrolled because this generated enough data to support the ability to expand Tregs in our clinical laboratory to apply for a grant through the Immune Tolerance Network. Additional patients were not needed.
| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dr. Josh Levitsky | Northwestern University | 312-695-4837 | j-levitsky@northwestern.edu |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D058625 | End Stage Liver Disease |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D017093 | Liver Failure |
| D048550 | Hepatic Insufficiency |
| D008107 | Liver Diseases |
| D004066 | Digestive System Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007937 | Leukapheresis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D016238 | Cytapheresis |
| D001691 | Biological Therapy |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D001781 | Blood Component Removal |
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| years |
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| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants |
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| Primary | Suppressive Function of Expanded Cells Will be Assessed Using in Vitro Assays of Alloreactivity (Mixed Lymphocyte Culture) | Assay testing - Suppressive function of expanded cells will be assessed using in vitro assays of alloreactivity (mixed lymphocyte culture). The in vitro assays will test whether the expanded Tregs will retain their suppressive function. | Posted | Number | percentage of Treg inhibition | 21 days |
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| 0 |
| 1 |
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| 1 |
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| D047589 |
| Leukocyte Reduction Procedures |
| D002469 | Cell Separation |
| D003584 | Cytological Techniques |
| D019411 | Clinical Laboratory Techniques |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |