Study enrollment not initiated due to institutional delays

The purpose of this study is to evaluate outcomes of popliteal nerve blocks for postoperative pain control in patients undergoing ankle and hindfoot reconstruction surgeries. The following outcomes will be analyzed: length of hospital stay, level of pain control, pain medication use, complications, and patient satisfaction.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adult patients ≥ 18 years old
• Patients undergoing ankle, subtalar, pantalar, triple, or tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis (CPT codes 27870, 28715, 28725, or 28740)
• Patients undergoing total ankle arthroplasty (CPT code 27702)
• Patients with a preoperative surgical plan to receive a popliteal nerve block during the postoperative period
• Patients whom can be reasonably expected to understand and comply with patient-reported postoperative data collection and surveys

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients undergoing an ankle or hindfoot reconstruction procedure whom are medically ineligible to receive a safe popliteal nerve block (i.e. patients with neuropathy)
• Patients with documented substance abuse (i.e. history of narcotic abuse could confound pain outcomes)

The study population will be patients undergoing ankle or hindfoot reconstruction about the talus (ankle arthrodesis, subtalar arthrodesis, or ankle arthroplasty) who will be receiving a sciatic nerve block in the popliteal region while in the PACU, following surgery. Patients will be identified as potential subjects from within the practices of two fellowship-trained foot and ankle orthopaedic surgeons. Patients will be enrolled in the study by Informed Consent