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The purpose of this pilot study is to develop an intervention, based on empirical evidence and health-related behavioral change theory, to enhance motivation for engaging in fall-reducing physical activities.
The intervention being developed, Ready~Steady, combines 3 components; a) interpersonal motivation, b) intrapersonal motivation, and c) physical activity. Theoretical concepts from the wellness motivation theory are (a) translated into intervention strategies; and (b) operationalized as variables to form a basis for evaluating this intervention. The overall objective is to advance the development of Ready~Steady by assessing the impact of its motivation components.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Physical Activity | Active Comparator | Small groups (4-7 people) meeting in community centers weekly for 90 minutes, over the course of 8 weeks. Curricula for meetings are manualized and include introducing and practicing Otago exercises, progressed according to individual capacity and preference, as well as falls prevention. All participant receive Fitbit Ones and are asked to use them on a daily basis. |
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| 2 Interpersonal Motivation | Experimental | Small groups (4-7 people) meeting in community centers weekly for 90 minutes, over the course of 8 weeks. Curricula for meetings are manualized and include introducing and practicing Otago exercises, progressed according to individual capacity and preference, as well as falls prevention. The interventionist also facilitates discussions addressing the interpersonal motivational intervention content. All participant receive Fitbit Ones and are asked to use them on a daily basis: Fitbit Ones are included in weekly discussions. |
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| 3.Intrapersonal Motivation | Experimental | Small groups (4-7 people) meeting in community centers weekly for 90 minutes, over the course of 8 weeks. Curricula for meetings are manualized and include introducing and practicing Otago exercises, progressed according to individual capacity and preference, as well as falls prevention. The interventionist also facilitates discussions addressing the intrapersonal motivational intervention content. All participant receive Fitbit Ones and are asked to use them on a daily basis: Fitbit Ones are included in weekly discussions. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Physical Activity | Behavioral | Fall reducing strength (5), balance (12) and flexibility (4) exercises as well as walking. Participants were also given a Fitbit One with instructions on how to use |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in self-reported physical activity behavior | Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS) Questionnaire | Baseline; 1 week post; 6 months post |
| Change in objectively measured physical activity behavior | Accelerometers built in to Fitbit Ones | Baseline; 1 week post; 6 months post |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in functional strength and balance | Short Physical Performance Battery | Baseline; 1 week post; 6 months post |
| Change in functional strength and balance | Timed Up and Go |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Technology acceptability and utility | 10 item survey addressing wearable technology's learnability, utility and role in supporting individual motivation | 1 week post; 6 months post |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Siobhan K McMahon, PhD | University of Minnesota | Principal Investigator |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24653780 | Background | McMahon S, Vankipuram M, Hekler EB, Fleury J. Design and evaluation of theory-informed technology to augment a wellness motivation intervention. Transl Behav Med. 2014 Mar;4(1):95-107. doi: 10.1007/s13142-013-0221-4. | |
| 22309381 | Background | McMahon S, Fleury J. Wellness in older adults: a concept analysis. Nurs Forum. 2012 Jan-Mar;47(1):39-51. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6198.2011.00254.x. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D057185 | Sedentary Behavior |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| 4.Full Intervention | Experimental | Small groups (4-7 people) meeting in community centers weekly for 90 minutes, over the course of 8 weeks. Curricula for meetings are manualized and include introducing and practicing Otago exercises, progressed according to individual capacity and preference, as well as falls prevention. The interventionist also facilitates discussions addressing the intrapersonal and interpersonal motivational intervention content. All participant receive Fitbit Ones and are asked to use them on a daily basis: Fitbit Ones are included in weekly discussions. |
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| Interpersonal Motivation | Behavioral | Strategies used to support Interpersonal motivational targets include: a) discuss and model ways to provide and receive more support for physical activity, b) identify environmental barriers to being physically active, c) problem-solve environmental and social barriers to being physically active, d) use and create new resources that support physical activity behavior |
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| Intrapersonal Motivation | Behavioral | Strategies used to support intrapersonal motivation included a) use of the goal attainment scale, b) facilitating the formation of action plans, c) identify and problem solve personal barriers to being active, d) identify satisfying aspects of being active, e) self-evaluate physical activity patterns and progress. |
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| Baseline; 1 week post; 6 months post |
| Change in the number of community resources used for physical activity | Number of community resources identified and used: 2 item survey | Baseline; 1 week post; 6 months post |
| Change in social support for fall-reducing physical activities | Social support for exercise: Survey | Baseline; 1 week post; 6 months post |
| Change in readiness | Index of Readiness | Baseline; 1 week post; 6 months post |
| Change in self-regulation | Index of Self-Regulation | Baseline; 1 week post; 6 months post |
| Change in self-reported lower extremity function | Neuro-QOL SF v1.0 - LEx Fnct (Mobility) | Baseline; 1 week post; 6 months post |
| Change in self-reported ability to participate in social activities | PROMIS SF v2.0 - Ability to Participate Social 4a | Baseline; 1 week post; 6 months post |
| 19345859 | Background | Perez A, Fleury J. Wellness motivation theory in practice. Geriatr Nurs. 2009 Mar-Apr;30(2 Suppl):15-20. doi: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2009.02.006. No abstract available. |
| 22078019 | Background | McMahon S, Talley KM, Wyman JF. Older people's perspectives on fall risk and fall prevention programs: a literature review. Int J Older People Nurs. 2011 Dec;6(4):289-98. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-3743.2011.00299.x. |
| 31470769 | Derived | McMahon SK, Lewis B, Oakes JM, Wyman JF, Guan W, Rothman AJ. Examining Potential Psychosocial Mediators in a Physical Activity Intervention for Older Adults. West J Nurs Res. 2020 Aug;42(8):581-592. doi: 10.1177/0193945919871697. Epub 2019 Aug 30. |
| 28188585 | Derived | McMahon SK, Lewis B, Oakes JM, Wyman JF, Guan W, Rothman AJ. Assessing the Effects of Interpersonal and Intrapersonal Behavior Change Strategies on Physical Activity in Older Adults: a Factorial Experiment. Ann Behav Med. 2017 Jun;51(3):376-390. doi: 10.1007/s12160-016-9863-z. |
| 27076486 | Derived | McMahon SK, Lewis B, Oakes M, Guan W, Wyman JF, Rothman AJ. Older Adults' Experiences Using a Commercially Available Monitor to Self-Track Their Physical Activity. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2016 Apr 13;4(2):e35. doi: 10.2196/mhealth.5120. |