To Elucidate the Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on the T Cell Repertoire of the Kidney Transplant Patients

A Randomized Trial to Elucidate Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Immune Modulation in Living Related Kidney Transplant Patients

Despite being a miracle of modern medicine, solid organ transplant recipients are always at risk of rejection, and remain dependent on lifelong immunosuppression. Currently used immunosuppressive drugs suppress the potential of immune system and interfere with the metabolism of medications. Cellular therapies currently being investigated for this purpose require the use of ablative radiotherapy. The investigators are using a less toxic strategy by harnessing the immunosuppressive potential of the MSCs in the Kidney Transplant (KTx) recipients and studying immunomodulation mediated by these cells in the KTx patients.

Hypothesis MSCs interfere with signalling of Immune cells like T cells, B cells and Dendritic cells which leads to improve graft survival of renal transplant patients.

Aim To investigate effect of MSCs on immune cell repertoire in a donor specific mediated response.

The investigators aim to collect peripheral blood from 30 patients (10 patients for autologous cell infusion and 10 for allogeneic (donor derived cell infusion) at various time intervals following MSC therapy. 10 patients serve as controls on standard dose of drugs but without MSC infusion. This peripheral blood would be utilized for isolation of mononuclear cells and performing various immune assays on these cells in a donor specific response.

This is an open label type of study having 3 groups of patients: 1st group comprising of patients that would undergo allogeneic (donor-derived) mesenchymal stem cell infusion, 2nd group that would undergo autologous (patient-derived) mesenchymal stem cells and the third group (control group) without any stem cell infusion. All the three groups would have standard dose of Immunosuppressive drugs. Initially the investigators want to recruit 10 patients in each group and would increase the group size if the investigators get promising results on the follow up. The investigators plan to follow up the patients upto 1-2 years for immune based assays and then continue the follow up for atleast 5 years.

Inclusion Criteria:

• All the renal transplant recipients participating in the trial should undergo primary kidney transplant.
• Donor should be living and related to the patient.
• Kidney transplant recipients and donor should be willing to give informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

• There should be no prior sensitization to the patients.
• Patients should not be participating in any other study
• Patients should not be suffering from any autoimmune disorders.