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The purpose of this study is to determine whether high-flavonoid cocoa can decrease appetite in humans. In addition the study is designed to test epicatechin, a compound found in cocoa and procyanidins, a class of compounds found in cocoa, for their ability to decrease appetite in humans.
The study is a four-way randomized double-blinded crossover trial with randomization balanced for beverage and lab visit order.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lo-Flav | Placebo Comparator | Low-flavonoid cocoa powder with 0 mg of procyanidins and 0 mg epicatechin per kg of body weight will be consumed as a beverage |
|
| Hi-Flav | Active Comparator | Cocoa powder with 3.8 mg procyanidins per kg of body weight and 0.6 mg Epicatechin per kg of body weight will be consumed as a beverage. |
|
| Epicatechin | Active Comparator | Low-flavonoid cocoa powder plus 1 mg epicatechin per kg of body weight will be consumed as a beverage. |
|
| Procyanidins | Active Comparator | Low-flavonoid cocoa powder plus 3.7 mg procyanidins per kg of body weight will be consumed as a beverage. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lo-Flav | Dietary Supplement | low-flavonoid cocoa powder with 0 mg of procyanidins and 0 mg epicatechin per kg of body weight will be consumed as a beverage. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Appetite as assessed by amount of pizza eaten. | Amount of pizza eaten to be assessed two and one half hours after ingestion of the beverage. | Two and a half hours |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Appetite as assessed by a Visual Analog Scale | Visual Analog Scale assessments to be conducted during the two and one half hours after ingestion of the beverage. | Two and one half hours |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| James Greenberg, Ph.D | Department of Health & Nutritional Sciences, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brooklyn College of the City University of New York | Brooklyn | New York | 11210 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 27510533 | Derived | Greenberg JA, O'Donnell R, Shurpin M, Kordunova D. Epicatechin, procyanidins, cocoa, and appetite: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016 Sep;104(3):613-9. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.115.129783. Epub 2016 Aug 10. |
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| Type | Date | Date Unknown |
|---|---|---|
| Release | Nov 12, 2020 | |
| Reset | Dec 7, 2020 |
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| Release Date | Unrelease Date | Unrelease Date Unknown | Reset Date | MCP Release Number |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nov 12, 2020 | Dec 7, 2020 |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009765 | Obesity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D050177 | Overweight |
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002392 | Catechin |
| D044945 | Proanthocyanidins |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002839 | Chromans |
| D001578 | Benzopyrans |
| D011714 | Pyrans |
| D006573 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring |
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| Hi-Flav | Dietary Supplement | High-flavonoid cocoa powder with 3.8 mg procyanidins per kg of body weight and 0.6 mg Epicatechin per kg of body weight will be consumed as a beverage. |
|
| Epicatechin | Dietary Supplement | Low-flavonoid cocoa powder plus 1 mg epicatechin per kg of body weight will be consumed as a beverage |
|
| Procyanidins | Dietary Supplement | Low-flavonoid cocoa powder plus 3.7 mg procyanidins per kg of body weight will be consumed as a beverage. |
|
| D001835 |
| Body Weight |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D006571 |
| Heterocyclic Compounds |
| D005419 | Flavonoids |
| D002867 | Chromones |
| D006574 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring |
| D000072471 | Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring |
| D013634 | Tannins |
| D001704 | Biopolymers |
| D011108 | Polymers |
| D046911 | Macromolecular Substances |