The Effect of Parecoxib Sodium Intravenous Patient-controlled Analgesia in Laparotomic Liver Resection

The investigators hypothesized that using new intravenous infusion pump of patient-controlled analgesia (parecoxib sodium 1 mg/mL + normal saline) would significantly improve postoperative pain control compare to conventional intravenous infusion pump of patient-controlled analgesia (fentanyl citrate 20 mg/mL/kg + ondansetron hydrochloride 16 mg/8 mL + normal saline). This prospective randomized controlled trial was designed to evaluate the benefit of new intravenous infusion pump of patient-controlled analgesia (parecoxib sodium 1 mg/mL + normal saline) for postoperative analgesia after laparotomic liver resection.

Inclusion Criteria:

Patients need laparotomic liver resection.

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients with contraindications to spinal anesthesia or intrathecal morphine, difficulty understanding passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, a history of drug dependence or chronic pain, body mass index greater than 35 kg/m2, or history of sleep apnea were excluded from this study.