COMMUNICATION - Feasibility and effectiveness 'Tell-us Cards' in hospital patients

• Objective - To investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of 'Tell-us Cards' on patient participation in basic care in hospital settings.
• Design - Cluster randomised controlled early trial design (Phase 2B, MRC Framework). Patients of two surgical and two medical wards (n=140) will be included in this study. Before and after the introduction of the intervention, assessments will take place in patients and nurses at these wards.
• Intervention - The 'Tell-us card' is a tool to elicit patients preferences and needs in basic care. Patients are invited to write down their specific questions and concerns. The cards are handed out to patients admitted to the hospital (daily). Patients and informal caregivers are invited to use the cards to state their preferences. Nurses are instructed to use the cards as a tool in their dialogue with the patient in making care plans, during ward rounds or for discharge information sessions.
• Comparison - Usual care
• Primary outcome - Patient perception of participation in care (Individualized Care Scale (ICS)
• Secondary - Use and content of the 'Tell-us Cards' actions taken by nurses as a consequence of what patients 'tell them' by means of the 'Tell-us Cards', Quality from the Patients' perspective (QPP), EQ-5D, and CQ satisfaction with communication & care in general

Feasibility and effectiveness of the 'Tell-us Card' Communication Tool on hospital patients' perception of participation and quality of Care.

The use of 'Tell-us Cards' in basic care is an intervention facilitating communication for enhanced patient participation in basic care. The effectiveness of the card is tested by Jangland et al (18) in a population of patients admitted to the hospitals surgical wards. The use of the 'Tell-us Card' in this patient group resulted in significant improvements in patients abilities to participate in decisions about their nursing and medical care. In our study we will investigate feasibility and effectiveness of the 'Tell-us cards' in three different hospital settings; patients admitted to the hospitals' surgical and medical wards and in patients attending the hospitals' emergency department.

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate feasibility and effectiveness of 'Tell-us Cards' for patients participation in basic care in three different hospital settings. Description of the Intervention: The 'Tell-us card' (18) is a tool to elicit patients preferences and needs in basic care. Patients are invited to write down their specific questions and concerns for the day or before discharge. 'Tell-us Cards' are handed out on a daily basis to patients admitted to the hospital. Patients and their informal caregivers are invited to use the 'Tell-us Card' to state their preferences in basic care during their stay in the hospital. Nurses are instructed to use the 'Tell-us card' as a tool in their dialogue with the patient in making care plans, during ward rounds or for discharge information sessions.

Design: Feasibility and effectiveness of the 'Tell-us Card' will be tested in a controlled early trial design (Phase 2B, MRC Framework). Trained nurses will be handing out the 'Tell-us Cards' on a daily basis to patients admitted to the hospital. Baseline assessments on patient participation will be conducted at all wards in patients and nurses before the introduction of the 'Tell-us Cards'. For the baseline assessment; Nurses and patients will be asked to fill in a questionnaire. The nurses receive a questionnaire in their postbox at the ward they are working on with an envelope for returning the questionnaire to the researcher. Patients will be asked to fill in a questionnaire one week after discharge from the hospital or one week after their visit to the emergency department. Assessment of effects of the intervention in patients at T1 will start 3 months after the introduction of the 'Tell-us Cards' at the intervention wards. Nurses will be asked to fill in the questionnaire again 6 months after they filled in the first questionnaire.

Patients & Settings: Hospital patients admitted to two surgical wards and two medical wards (n=4x35=140) will be included in this study. One surgical ward, one medical ward will be randomly assigned to the intervention and control group. Baseline and follow up assessments will take place in 35 patients per assessment per ward, resulting in 165 assessments at baseline, and 165 assessments at follow-up. Outcomes: Primary outcome is patient perception of participation in individualised care. For measurement of patient participation in patients admitted to the hospital we will use the Individualized Care Scale for patients (19-23). Secondary outcomes will comprehend perception of quality of care, assessed with the Quality from the Patients' perspective (QPP) questionnaire (24, 25) as well as the use and content of the 'Tell-us Cards' and the actions taken by nurses as a consequence of what patients 'tell them' by means of the 'Tell-us Cards'. As generic tools we will use the EQ-5D for measurement of Quality of life (www.euroqol.org) and one question from the consumer Quality index for patient experience (www.centrumklantervaringindezorg). Furthermore nurses' perception of individualised care will be assessed at baseline and follow-up with the Individualized Care Scale for nurses.

Analysis: Results are clustered at ward level. We will therefore perform a random effects regression model to estimate the effects on (surgical and medical) patients' perceptions of Individualised Care for the intervention versus the usual care group at follow-up. In this analysis, ward will be entered as random effect, and covariates in the model are patients' perceptions of Individualised Care at each ward at baseline.

Descriptive analysis will reveal the topics patients regard as most important during their stay. A thorough process analysis on the use of the Card en the actions taken as a consequence of the content of the cards, will give insight in feasibility and effectiveness of the 'Tell-us Card' in daily practice.

Timeline (21 months): 1-6 (6m):Preparation time; 7-9 (3m):T0-Baseline assessment; 10-12 (3m):'Tell-us Card' Intervention Introduction; 13-15 (3m):T1-assessment; 16-21 (6m):Data analysis and study reporting

Inclusion Criteria:

• Speaking the Dutch language

Exclusion Criteria:

• No serious cognitive impairments