To approximate the humeral head into the glenoid cavity participants were instructed to place their affected arm on a wooden table. Three piece of tape was used, firstly we applied cotton undercover pre tape and then we applied the rigid post tape on it. First piece (middle) of tape was applied from 1.5 inches below the deltoid tuberosity up to 2 inches above the glenoid cavity. Second piece (posterior) was applied from 1.5 inches below the deltoid tuberosity upto the 1.5 inches above the mid spine of scapula. Third piece (anterior) was applied from the 1.5 inches below the deltoid tuberosity upto the 1.5 inches above the clavicle.

Participants were evaluated for accromio humeral distance (AHD), by using digital Vernier calliper. The measurement was taken in centimetre from the inferior aspect of the acromion to the superior aspect of the humeral head. The patient was in sitting position such a way that tested upper extremity was hanged freely. Paci et al 21 showed in a systemic review that caliper method was reliable for shoulder subluxation measurement. The r value of caliper method was 0.93 and ICC was 0.68. This method also achieved a good validity score, which was 0.747.

pain at rest was measured by using a 10 cm visual analogue scale (VAS). In VAS 1 indicating no pain where 10 indicating extreme pain. Crossley et al 22 conducted a study to assess the reliability of VAS in patella femoral pain. 71 participants were recruited, out of which 20 participants completed the reliability study. He took 3 types of pain readings such as usual pain, worst pain and activity pain. ICC score for usual pain was 0.56, for worst pain it was 0.76 and for activity pain it was 0.83. He also concluded that VAS scale was reliable and valid measure for assessing patella femoral pain.

Active flexion (AFLXN) range of motion was assessed using goniometric measurement for shoulder flexion. Active shoulder flexion range was assessed in supine position to avoid trick movement that may happen in sitting position. Hayes et al 23 conducted a study to determine the inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of five methods for assessing shoulder range of motion. For inter-rater reliability 4 raters took measurement on 8 subjects and for intra-rater reliability one rater took 3 readings within 48 hours. The results of the study showed that the ICC value for goniometric flexion ROM measurement was 0.69 for inter-rater reliability. ICC value for intra-rater reliability was 0.53 for flexion ROM. He also concluded that goniometer has fair-good reliability to measure shoulder flexion range of motion.