The purpose of this prospective, non-interventional clinical study is to assess the clinical validity of a number of markers (including Heparin Binding Protein (HBP), Procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), White cell count (WCC) and lactate) for indicating the presence of organ dysfunction, or outcome, of patients with organ dysfunctions following emergency department admission or hospitalization. Secondary objectives are to identify novel putative biomarkers and to identify risk factors for negative long-term effects of acute critical illness The HBP assay is an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the quantitative determination of Heparin Binding Protein in human plasma.

Inclusion Criteria:

i) ≥18 years of age ii) 1 or more of the following criteria: Saturation<90% without oxygen or <93% with oxygen or reported saturation<90%, Respiratory frequency >25/min, Altered mental awareness, Heart rate >120/min, Systolic blood pressure <100 mm Hg. iv) informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

None

Subject enrolment will be based on adult patients presenting to the emergency department at the different sites with suspicion of organ dysfunction or identified at the hospital wars/units.