Subjects in this study have had an allogeneic (blood or marrow cells from another person) blood or marrow transplant to treat leukemia, lymphoma or other cancer of the blood, and have now developed Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD) that is not responding to standard treatment. GVHD is when the graft (transplanted bone marrow or blood) attacks the recipient's body. GVHD occurs early after transplant (acute) and/or sometimes months after transplant (chronic). Both forms can be life threatening; chronic GVHD can be a lifelong disabling condition.

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) exist in tissues throughout the body. One place they are found is in the bone marrow and from here they can be obtained by needle aspiration, the same way bone marrow samples are obtained to test for leukemia. This study uses autologous MSCs obtained from the recipient with acute and/or chronic GVHD, which have a lower chance of being rejected. These MSCs may promote tolerance, helping the donor immune cells accept the recipient's body.

This trial is being conducted as a step toward testing the long-term hypothesis that freshly cultured autologous MSC grown in platelet lysate-containing medium will modulate donor T-cell immune responses and reduce GVHD in allo-HSCT recipients. As a phase I dose escalation trial of autologous MSC in patients with acute and chronic GVHD, the main aim is to evaluate the safety of this therapy and its effects on GVHD biomarkers and T-cell phenotype

EPIC MSC2014-002 solution- Autologous Mesenchymal Stromal Cells expanded using pooled human platelet lysate,is made up of autologous marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells ex vivo expanded numerically for approximately 14 days using pooled human Platelet Lysate (phPL), harvested from culture on the day of infusion and suspended at a concentration of 4 million cells/ml in Plasmalyte A with 0.5% human serum albumin. This is a phase I dose-escalation, open label, non-randomized, non-placebo controlled, single group assignment study to evaluate the safety and tolerability of EPIC MSC2014-002. The product will be infused intravenously and will be administered at one of three dose levels: (Dose level 1): Single Cell infusion 2 x 10^6 cells/kg, (Dose Level 2): Two weekly Cell infusions 2 x 10^6 cells/kg , (Dose level 3): Four weekly Cell infusion 2 x 10^6 cells/kg. This Phase I clinical trial will enroll 12-24 subjects with acute or chronic GVHD. The duration of this study for each patient is 1 year. The investigators anticipate that this study will be completed within 3 years of commencement.

Objectives:

• To determine the safety and tolerability of infusing escalating doses of autologous MSCs for patients with acute or chronic GVHD.
• To assess the overall response rate of acute and chronic GVHD to autologous MSC infusion. These data will be used to plan future, larger clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy of autologous MSCs for the treatment of GVHD.
• To determine the effect of MSC infusion on lymphocyte phenotype, inflammatory biomarkers and GVHD specific biomarker levels

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age: patients must be ≥12 years old and weigh > (25 kg) at the time of study entry.
• Patients must have received an allogeneic stem cell transplant for a hematologic malignancy.
• Must have one of the following diagnoses:
• Acute GVHD (grade II-IV) requiring systemic therapy and refractory/unresponsive to glucocorticoid (>1 mg prednisone-equivalent/kg x 1 week)
• Chronic GVHD that is extensive and not improved despite therapy with glucocorticoid (> 0.5 mg prednisone-equivalent/kg/day) and therapeutic doses of a calcineurin inhibitor for at least 4 weeks, or worsened within 2 weeks, or overlap syndrome not responding to glucocorticoid treatment (>1 mg prednisone-equivalent/kg x 1 week)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Active invasive fungal infection requiring treatment with anti-fungal medication.
• Active viral infection requiring treatment with anti-viral medication.
• Persistence/relapse at the time of study entry of the primary malignancy for which the transplant was performed. Patients with a history of relapsed malignancy who have achieved a remission at the time of evaluation for study participation will not be excluded.
• Known T-cell donor chimerism of <50%.
• Documented DLCO <50% (if performed within 90 days of enrollment) or requirement for supplemental oxygen.
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding. Patients of childbearing capability should agree to use contraception.