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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Wageningen University | OTHER |
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This study will explore whether the IntelliCap® system can be used to study the human microbiota composition in the small intestine. The IntelliCap® system is an oral drug delivery and patient monitoring system consisting of a capsule-shaped device and ancillary equipment. The IntelliCap® capsule is also able aspirate fluid from its environment. Here, we explore whether the capsule is able to take a fluid sample from the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract for microbiota analysis. To study this, a controlled dietary intervention that is expected to induce a temporary change in microbiota composition will be performed in healthy volunteers. Microbiota composition of samples collected from the small intestine using the IntelliCap® system will be compared to fecal samples from the same individuals collected at the same time point.
The gut microbiota is involved in regulation of host metabolic and immune pathways, and is an important target for dietary interventions. Studies on human microbiota are mainly based on the analysis of fecal samples. The microbiota in the small intestine is at least equally relevant for health as in the large intestine, but the regional composition differs largely. Small intestinal sampling requires invasive procedures. Recently, an electronic medical device, the IntelliCap® system, was developed for the site-specific delivery of drugs in the gastrointestinal tract and patient monitoring. This capsule has been adapted to be used to aspirate liquid from its environment. The IntelliCap® system may offer a minimally-invasive tool for sampling of small intestinal fluid in humans for microbiota analysis.
Objective: To evaluate the IntelliCap® system as a tool to study changes in small intestinal microbiota composition in humans in vivo and its safety and tolerability.
Study design: A randomized cross-over controlled feeding trial in humans will be performed in 10 healthy male volunteers (age 18-30 yr). Two diets are used: a three-day high-protein versus a high-carbohydrate diet, each preceded by a washout diet. These diets target microbiota with fundamentally different fermentation requirements. The IntelliCap® capsule is administered after both intervention periods to collect a fluid sample from the distal small bowel. In parallel, fecal samples are collected. Microbiota composition is analyzed by sequencing using Illumina technology followed by dedicated bioinformatic analysis. Blood samples will be collected and stored to measure metabolic parameters and markers of satiety that can potentially be correlated to the microbiota data.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| high protein, low carbohydrate | Experimental | a high-protein/low-carbohydrate diet (26,7E% protein, 38.2E% carbohydrate) |
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| low protein, high carbohydrate | Experimental | a low-protein/high-carbohydrate diet (7E% protein, 59.6E% carbohydrate) |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| diet | Other | A controlled diet will be provided to participants which consists of either high protein/low carbohydrate, or of low protein/high carbohydrate. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Relative abundance of microbiota species (% of total) in the small intestine | Change in relative abundance of microbiota species (% of total) in the small intestine from day 7 (3 days after commencing diet 1) to day 14 (3 days after commencing diet 2) | 3 days after commencing diet 1 versus 3 days after commensing diet 2 |
| adverse events during passage of IntelliCap® system (capsule) through the gastro-intestinal tract | Adverse events during transit of the capsule through the gastrointestinal tract will be registered by short daily questionnaires, until the capsule has been excreted in the feces (in healthy volunteers on average 2-3 days after ingestion). | Daily monitoring between ingestion and excretion of the capsule (length of period dependent on transit time of the capsule, expected average 2-3 days) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Relative abundance of microbiota species in the small versus large intestine (feces) | Difference in relative abundance of microbiota species (% of total) between small and large intestine (feces) at day 7 (3 days after commencing diet 1) and at day 14 (3 days after commencing diet 2). | At day 3 after commencing either diet 1 or diet 2 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Metabolites in blood (and urine if considered relevant) | Explorative: difference in serum level (and urine level if considered relevant) of metabolites (e.g. short chain fatty acids and bile acids) that can potentially be correlated to the microbiota data. The difference in levels between day 7 (3 days after commencing diet 1) and day 14 (3 days after commencing diet 2) will be analyzed. | At day 3 after commencing either diet 1 or diet 2 |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Els van Hoffen, PhD | NIZO food research, Ede, The Netherlands | Principal Investigator |
| Diederik Esser, PhD | Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NIZO food research | Ede | 6718 ZB | Netherlands | |||
| Human Nutrition, Wageningen University |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004032 | Diet |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009747 | Nutritional Physiological Phenomena |
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
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| IntelliCap® system | Device |
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| Wageningen |
| Netherlands |