20 Children - 10 hospitalized at Vanderbilt Children's Hospital and 10 hospitalized at Vanderbilt Psychiatric hospital - will receive Brief Analogue Functional Analysis (Brief AFA) targeted to their most problematic behavior(s) while hospitalized

20 Children - 10 hospitalized at Vanderbilt Children's Hospital and 10 hospitalized at Vanderbilt Psychiatric hospital - will receive all typical standard of care procedures while hospitalized, but will not receive Brief AFA

The Brief AFA seeks to identify the function of the challenging behavior by creating controlled test conditions in which specific responses are provided for challenging behavior (e.g., attention, escape from task demands, access to tangible - including variants of each as needed), as well as a control condition in which continual access to attention and preferred items is provided. It consists of a 30-90-minute abbreviated analysis comprised of a single exposure to 2-5-minute test and control conditions, along with replication of applicable test conditions and a treatment probe, which provides evidence of challenging behavior function faster than other methods.

The ABC is a well-validated measure designed to assess for the presence of clinically significant challenging behavior in the areas of irritability and agitation, lethargy and social withdrawal, stereotypic behavior, hyperactivity and noncompliance, and inappropriate speech.

Reduction in the days hospitalized past medical clearance).

Attending physician's impressions of participant's clinical impairment and improvement.