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The purpose of this study is to compare two novel active rewarming techniques in mildly hypothermic people. Volunteers will undergo 3 cooling trials in a circulating bath at 14 degrees celsius and will then be rewarmed with either shivering alone, warmed iv fluids (IVF), or water perfusion pads applied to the hands and feet. The investigators hypothesize that both heated IVF and water perfusion pads to the arteriovenous anastomoses (AVAs) will prove to provide significantly superior rewarming rates than shivering alone.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shivering only | No Intervention | Pt placed in sleeping bag and warmed by shivering only | |
| Warmed IV fluids | Experimental | 2 Liter of 42 degree celsius normal saline |
|
| Warmed perfusion pads | Experimental | Warmed perfusion pads placed to palms and soles to rewarm through arteriovenous anastomoses |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Warmed IV fluids | Other | 1 Liter of warmed IV fluids at 42 degrees celsius |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Rate of rewarming | Track to rate of rewarming of each arm | 60 minutes |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 28506514 | Result | Christensen ML, Lipman GS, Grahn DA, Shea KM, Einhorn J, Heller HC. A Novel Cooling Method and Comparison of Active Rewarming of Mildly Hypothermic Subjects. Wilderness Environ Med. 2017 Jun;28(2):108-115. doi: 10.1016/j.wem.2017.02.009. Epub 2017 May 12. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007035 | Hypothermia |
| D001164 | Arteriovenous Fistula |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001832 | Body Temperature Changes |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D001165 | Arteriovenous Malformations |
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| Warmed perfusion pads |
| Other |
Neoprene perfusion pads placed on the palms and soles to rewarm through focusing on the arteriovenous anastomoses |
|
| D054079 | Vascular Malformations |
| D018376 | Cardiovascular Abnormalities |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D016157 | Vascular Fistula |
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D000013 | Congenital Abnormalities |
| D009358 | Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities |
| D005402 | Fistula |
| D020763 | Pathological Conditions, Anatomical |