Treatment materials. In the Driver's Seat: A Roadmap to Managing Student Behavior on the Bus is a comprehensive multimedia program that guides transportation departments in creating and maintaining a safe, responsible, and positive environment on the school bus through effective student behavior management. The program includes three components: 1) In the Driver's Seat: Transportation Supervisor Program for transportation department administrative staff, 2)In the Driver's Seat: Group Lessons DVD for Drivers. The DVD-based curriculum is designed to be facilitated by a transportation supervisor or driver trainer in groups and 3)In the Driver's Seat: Bus Driver Program. This CD-ROM-based program for bus drivers.

Control materials. Bus drivers in the control condition viewed two linear videos on study computers. In Session 1 of the intervention, Control drivers viewed School Bus Driving, Part 1, 2nd Edition, © 1991, AIMS Media, 23-minute linear video showing defensive driving techniques. In Session 2, Control drivers viewed Decide Smart, Arrive Safe, © 2005, Operation Lifesaver, Inc., a video about school bus safety at railroad crossings produced in conjunction with the National Association of State Directors of Pupil Transportation services. Supervisors in the control condition received no materials until completing the study (waitlisted).

Multimedia student behavior management program for school bus drivers and school administrators

The Attitudes and Beliefs regarding Bus Climate items consisted of a total of 27 questions that assessed drivers in the following areas: (1) relationships with students; (2) understanding how to respond to student behavior; (3) interactions with students; (4) drivers' perception of their own bus climate; (5) communication with other drivers; and (6) departmental support for behavior management. For each of the attitudes and beliefs items, drivers were asked how much they agreed, or disagreed, with key statements. For example: "Bus drivers treat students respectfully." The second attitudes/beliefs items assessed drivers' job satisfaction by asking for the driver's level of agreement with statements such as, "I feel like my job is important." Response options were the same for all attitudes/beliefs items: "1=Agree a lot, 5=disagree a lot."

Drivers' self-efficacy was assessed by two sets of items. The first set of items assessed drivers' confidence in knowing best ways to deal with misbehaviors. These included 10 items that asked drivers to rate their level of confidence in knowing how to handle specific student misbehaviors such as inappropriate behavior or students physically hurting other students. The second set of items assessed drivers' confidence in using specific strategies. These were four items developed from the program content; e.g., "How confident are you that you could always restate the behavior rule every time a student argues with you?" Each of the self-efficacy items used a 5-point rating scale (1=very confident, 2=somewhat confident, 3=not sure, 4=doubtful, and 5=not at all confident).