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ERCP is the primary choice for removal of common bile duct stone (CBDS) currently. However, 4-24% patients underwent recurrence after successful clearance of CBDS. Stone re-formation due to chronic inflammation of biliary duct is generally considered an important cause of CBDS recurrence, which is associated with duodenal-biliary reflux (DBR) after sphincterotomy. Although it was believed that DBR was the important cause of CBDS recurrence, the direct evidence was still lacking. Here we conducted a case control study to investigate the DBR rate in patients with recurrent CBDS after ERCP.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Recurrent group | Patients with history of recurrent common bile duct stone after successfully ERCP stone remove. |
| |
| Control group | Patients without history of recurrent common bile duct stone after successfully ERCP stone remove. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| standard barium meal examination | Other | All eligible patients received standard barium meal examination, MRCP and enhanced abdominal CT. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Duodenal-biliary reflux rate | The proportion of patients with barium reflux into bile duct during the standard barium meal examination. | up to 6 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Distal common bile duct angle | MRCP revealed the first angulation from the ampullary orifice along the course of the common bile duct stone. | up to 6 months |
| Maximal CBD diameter | Maximal CBD diameter was determined by MRCP. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Patients with history of recurrent common bile duct stone (recurrent group) and non-recurrent common bile duct stone (control group) in Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases were invited to participate the study. All the patients underwent successful stone removal by ERCP previously. Patients in the control group were matched with the recurrence group by age and gender at 1:1 ratio.
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases | Xi'an | Shaanxi | 710032 | China |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16813804 | Background | Keizman D, Ish Shalom M, Konikoff FM. Recurrent symptomatic common bile duct stones after endoscopic stone extraction in elderly patients. Gastrointest Endosc. 2006 Jul;64(1):60-5. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2006.01.022. | |
| 16607138 | Background | Cheon YK, Lehman GA. Identification of risk factors for stone recurrence after endoscopic treatment of bile duct stones. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006 May;18(5):461-4. doi: 10.1097/00042737-200605000-00001. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D042882 | Gallstones |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002769 | Cholelithiasis |
| D001660 | Biliary Tract Diseases |
| D004066 | Digestive System Diseases |
| D041761 | Cholecystolithiasis |
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| up to 6 months |
| Peripapillary diverticulum | Peripapillary diverticulum was defined endoscopically as the presence of a diverticulum within a 2-cm radius from the papilla and was divided into 2 types in terms of the relation between the papilla and diverticulum: type A, papilla located on the inner rim of the diverticulum or papilla located deep within the diverticulum; and type B, papilla located outside the diverticulum. | up to 6 months |
| Pneumobilia | Pneumobilia were determined by CT | up to 6 months |
| 18493475 | Background | Ishiguro J. Biliary bacteria as an indicator of the risk of recurrence of choledocholithiasis after endoscopic sphincterotomy. Diagn Ther Endosc. 1998;5(1):9-17. doi: 10.1155/DTE.5.9. |
| 11427840 | Background | Kim DI, Kim MH, Lee SK, Seo DW, Choi WB, Lee SS, Park HJ, Joo YH, Yoo KS, Kim HJ, Min YI. Risk factors for recurrence of primary bile duct stones after endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2001 Jul;54(1):42-8. doi: 10.1067/mge.2001.115335. |
| 19539920 | Background | Misra SP, Dwivedi M. Reflux of duodenal contents and cholangitis in patients undergoing self-expanding metal stent placement. Gastrointest Endosc. 2009 Aug;70(2):317-21. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2008.12.054. Epub 2009 Jun 21. |
| 12477771 | Background | Ando T, Tsuyuguchi T, Okugawa T, Saito M, Ishihara T, Yamaguchi T, Saisho H. Risk factors for recurrent bile duct stones after endoscopic papillotomy. Gut. 2003 Jan;52(1):116-21. doi: 10.1136/gut.52.1.116. |
| 25952091 | Derived | Zhang R, Luo H, Pan Y, Zhao L, Dong J, Liu Z, Wang X, Tao Q, Lu G, Guo X. Rate of duodenal-biliary reflux increases in patients with recurrent common bile duct stones: evidence from barium meal examination. Gastrointest Endosc. 2015 Oct;82(4):660-5. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2015.03.1908. Epub 2015 May 5. |
| D005705 |
| Gallbladder Diseases |
| D002137 | Calculi |
| D020763 | Pathological Conditions, Anatomical |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |