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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| University of Pavia | OTHER |
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This a retrospective, blinded trial in which collaborators in Italy will review the doppler findings from the Combined Transcranial and Extracranial Venous Doppler (CTEVD) trial in an attempt to measure reproducibility.
This study will retrospectively investigate doppler images from the second phase of the CTEVD trial.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Multiple Sclerosis | Patients diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), identified in the CTEVD trial | ||
| Clinically Isolated Syndrome | Patients diagnosed with Clinically Isolated Syndrome (CIS), identified in the CTEVD trial. | ||
| Other Neurological Disorders | Patients diagnosed with Other Neurological Disorders (OND), identified in the CTEVD trial. ONDs fall into one of four categories: Neurodegenerative, Vascular, Autoimmune, and Neuromuscular; and the following disorders: Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM); Antiphospholipid Antibody (syndrome; APLA); Atypical, short-lasting neurodegenerative disease; Autoimmune disease not otherwise specified (NOS); Cerebellum Syndrome; Charcot-Marie Tooth Disease; Chiari Malformation; Chronic Fatigue Syndrome; Central Nervous System Vasculitis; Demyelinating Disease; Epilepsy; Headaches; Idiopathic Chronic Neuropathy; Migraines; Mitochondrial Disease; Myelopathy; Neurofibromatosis; Neuropathy; Optic Neuritis; Parasthesia related to Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIA); Parkinson's Disease; Restless legs syndrome; Seizures; Spinal Cerebellum Disease; Spinal Disc Degeneration; Syringomyelia; and Vertigo | ||
| Healthy Controls | Individuals who are healthy (i.e., free from neurological conditions; HC) , identified in the CTEVD trial. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Number of MS (or CIS) and HC (or OND) who have 5 VH CCSVI CDUS criteria on doppler ultrasound | The prevalence (number) of MS/CIS vs. HC/OND who fulfill the 5 venous haemodynamic (VH) criteria on doppler ultrasound. | Baseline |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Participants in this study will be those who had participated in the second phase of the Combined Transcranial/Extracranial Venous Deficiency (CTEVD) study.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Robert Zivadinov, MD, PhD | University at Buffalo | Principal Investigator |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009103 | Multiple Sclerosis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020278 | Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS |
| D020274 | Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D003711 | Demyelinating Diseases |
| D001327 | Autoimmune Diseases |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |
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