Pharmacology of Aminophylline for Acute Kidney Injury in Neonates

Acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill neonates is common and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. No targeted therapeutic treatment strategies have been established for AKI in neonates. Within a clinical pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic conceptual framework, this project will examine the medication aminophylline as a potential treatment approach for AKI.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Neonate < 3 months post natal age
• Diagnosed with acute kidney injury (AKI)
• Receiving aminophylline for AKI treatment as per local standard of care.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Presence of anatomical renal anomaly based on postnatal evaluation of the patient (hydronephrosis, multicystic kidney, renal agenesis, renal dysplasia, polycystic kidney, or obstructive uropathy)
• Patient on renal replacement therapy
• Major genetic abnormalities (trisomy 13, 18 or 21).