The control group receive individual or group treatment as already offered by the specialized centers in addiction.Their partner can receive individual intervention if desired.

Outcome measure for Gamblers

Total Money spent in canadian dollars for all gambling activities during the last 3 months previous each research interview.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

The ICOG is used to measure two aspects of control related to the JHA processes, namely the level of control over the desire to start playing (e.g., when I decide not to play, I watch stick to that decision) as well as the level of control once the game has started (e.g., when I knew I had little time to play, I would limit myself to the scheduled time). This questionnaire has a total of 10 items and uses a 5-point Likert-type scale ranging from "Never = 1" to "Always = 5", with 4 inverted items.

The total score varies between 10 and 50. A high control represents a score between 10 and 16, a moderate control between 17 and 23 and a score of 24 and more presents a low control in the player.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

This questionnaire measures people's beliefs about gambling. The ICROLJ has 29 items and uses a 4-point Likert-type scale ranging from "Strongly disagree" = 0 to "Strongly agree"=4. To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 116.Higher the score is, more it indicates the presence of erroneous beliefs.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

Short questionnaire of 10 items, assessing to what extent the respondent considers his gambling habits in the last 6 months have harmed various aspects of his life (financial, living conditions, marital, physical health, professional life, social, legal and family). A 5-point Likert-type scale is used "Not at all = 0" to "Extremely = 4". To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 40.Higher the score is, more it's indicate that the respondent is experiencing negative impacts because of his gambling habits.

Outcome Measure for Partners

Short questionnaire of 10 items, assessing to what extent the respondent considers that his partner's gambling habits have harmed various aspects of his life in the last 6 months (financial, living conditions, marital, physical health, professional life, social, legal and family). A 5-point Likert-type scale is used "Not at all = 0" to "Extremely = 4". To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 40. Higher the score is, more it's indicate that the respondent is experiencing negative impacts because of his partner's gambling habits.

Outcome Measure for Partners

This questionnaire measures people's beliefs about gambling. The ICROLJ has 29 items and uses a 4-point Likert-type scale ranging from "Strongly disagree" = 0 to "Strongly agree"=4.

To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 116. Higher the score is, more it indicates the presence of erroneous beliefs.

Outcome Measure for Partners

This instrument is used to measure psychological distress, including symptoms of depression and anxiety. We used the version of the questionnaire with 14 items. A Likert-type scale ranging from "never = 1" to "very often = 3" is used and the respondent must respond according to their condition during the last seven days. To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 42. A score of 26 and above indicates a high level of psychological distress.

Outcome Measure for Partners

This instrument is used to measure depressive symptoms in an individual. It measures these symptoms as defined in the American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) for depressive episodes.This questionnaire has 20 items and it assesses how the psychological well-being of the person during the last week. A 4-point Likert-type scale is used ranging from "0 = Never, very rarely (less than a day)" to a rating of "3 = Frequently, all the time (5 to 7 days)" The score can therefore vary from 0 to 60, the higher it is the higher the risk of depression. For a man, a threshold of 17 indicates a risk of depression and for a woman the same threshold is 23.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

This instrument is used to measure psychological distress, including symptoms of depression and anxiety. We used the version of the questionnaire with 14 items. A Likert-type scale ranging from "never = 1" to "very often = 3" is used and the respondent must respond according to their condition during the last seven days. To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 42. A score of 26 and above indicates a high level of psychological distress.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

This instrument is used to measure depressive symptoms in an individual. It measures these symptoms as defined in the American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) for depressive episodes.This questionnaire has 20 items and it assesses how the psychological well-being of the person during the last week. A 4-point Likert-type scale is used ranging from "0 = Never, very rarely (less than a day)" to a rating of "3 = Frequently, all the time (5 to 7 days)" The score can therefore vary from 0 to 60, the higher it is the higher the risk of depression. For a man, a threshold of 17 indicates a risk of depression and for a woman the same threshold is 23.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

This questionnaire makes it possible to measure the quality of the support received and given perceived by the two members of the couple. It consists of a total of 8 questions, with a 5-point Likert scale (1 = never; 5 = always).

The total score shows support received and support gave, higher is the result, more it indicates that the member of the couple gave support and receives it (score min = 0 and score max=40).

Outcome Measure for Partners

The MSI is used to measure marital stability in a couple. It comprises a series of 14 items (with inverted items) in a "true" or "false" format thus aiming to assess the risk of separation in this couple (e.g., I very often have ideas of divorce, until once a week or more). Marital distress is measured in terms of concrete actions taken by members of the couple in order to end their union. The total score is between 0 and 14. The higher the scores, the higher the risk of separation and marital distress. A threshold of 8 is considered to be a severe indicator of separation.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

The MSI is used to measure marital stability in a couple.

It comprises a series of 14 items (with inverted items) in a "true" or "false" format thus aiming to assess the risk of separation in this couple (e.g., I very often have ideas of divorce, until once a week or more). Marital distress is measured in terms of concrete actions taken by members of the couple in order to end their union. The total score is between 0 and 14. The higher the scores, the higher the risk of separation and marital distress. A threshold of 8 is considered to be a severe indicator of separation.

Outcome Measure for Partners

The Dyadic Adjustment Scale is an ultra-brief measure degree of marital satisfaction within the couple.

The short version is made up of only 4 items (considered divorce, estimation of the quality of the relation, confide to mate, degree of happiness): three of which are on a 6-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (all the time) to 5 (never) , while the final item is on a 7-point scale ranging from 0 (extremely happy) to 6 (perfect).

Theoretically possible maximum score of 21, and minimum 0. Scores lower than 11 indicating relationship distress, scores between 12 and 14 corresponding to medium satisfaction and scores upper 15 indicating good marital satisfaction.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

The Dyadic Adjustment Scale is an ultra-brief measure degree of marital satisfaction within the couple.

The short version is made up of only 4 items (considered divorce, estimation of the quality of the relation, confide to mate, degree of happiness): three of which are on a 6-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (all the time) to 5 (never) , while the final item is on a 7-point scale ranging from 0 (extremely happy) to 6 (perfect).

Theoretically possible maximum score of 21, and minimum 0. Scores lower than 11 indicating relationship distress, scores between 12 and 14 corresponding to medium satisfaction and scores upper 15 indicating good marital satisfaction.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

The psychological violence suffered is a subscale of the CTS-2 questionnaire which aims to assess the manifestations of psychological violence committed against the Gambler in the last 3 months. It is made up of 14 items that are rated on a 7-point Likert scale (never happened = 0, 1 time = 1, 2 times = 2, 3 to 5 times = 3, 6 to 10 times = 4, 11 to 20 = 5, more than 20 times = 6). To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 84. The higher it is, more it indicates that the respondent has suffered episodes of violence.

Outcome Measure for Partners

This lists of skills consist of 17 items that expressed in statements representing observable verbal behaviors.Participants were asked to report frequency estimates of their own use of such verbal behaviors using a 4 point likert scale (0 = almost never, 4 = almost always). To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 68. The higher the score is, more it indicates the presence of good communication skills.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

This instrument has 9 items, using a 7-point Likert-type scale. It is used in order to better understand the negotiation and conflict resolution skills that the couple members have used within their marital relationship in the last three months.

The score varies between 9 and 63. A high score indicates a greater degree of perceived problem-solving skill within the marital relationship.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

This questionnaire is used to identify the coping strategies used to cope with gambling's habits in the last three months. The subscale is made up of 6 items marked from 0 to 3 (0 = not used; 3 = used a lot). To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 18. Higher the score is, more it indicates the respondent's tendency to adopt the behaviors described by the subscale when he is in a stressful situation.

Outcome measure for Gamblers

Number of alcohol standard units (Canada, 1 unit = 13,6g of alcohol) per week during the last three months.

Outcome measure for Gamblers

Frequency of cannabis use per week in the last three months with a 5-point Likert-type scale (never = 0, 3 times a week or more = 4). Higher the score is, more it indicates a high frequency of cannabis use.

Outcome measure for Gamblers

The physical violence suffered is a subscale of the CTS-2 questionnaire which aims to assess the manifestations of physical violence committed against the Gambler in the last 3 months. It is made up of 18 items that are rated on a 7-point Likert scale (never happened = 0, 1 time = 1, 2 times = 2, 3 to 5 times = 3, 6 to 10 times = 4, 11 to 20 = 5, more than 20 times = 6). The total score corresponds to the average obtained on the 18 items, the higher it is, more it indicates that the respondent has suffered episodes of violence.

Outcome Measure for the Partner

The physical violence suffered is a subscale of the CTS-2 questionnaire which aims to assess the manifestations of physical violence committed against the partner in the last 3 months. It is made up of 18 items that are rated on a 7-point Likert scale (never happened = 0, 1 time = 1, 2 times = 2, 3 to 5 times = 3, 6 to 10 times = 4, 11 to 20 = 5, more than 20 times = 6). The total score corresponds to the average obtained on the 18 items, the higher it is, more it indicates that the respondent has suffered episodes of violence.

Outcome Measure for Partners

The psychological violence suffered is a subscale of the CTS-2 questionnaire which aims to assess the manifestations of psychological violence committed against the partner in the last 3 months. It is made up of 14 items that are rated on a 7-point Likert scale (never happened = 0, 1 time = 1, 2 times = 2, 3 to 5 times = 3, 6 to 10 times = 4, 11 to 20 = 5, more than 20 times = 6). To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 84. The higher it is, more it indicates that the respondent has suffered episodes of violence.

Outcome measure for Gamblers

This questionnaire is used to identify the coping strategies used to cope with gambling's habits in the last three months. The subscale is made up of 9 items marked from 0 to 3 (0 = not used; 3 = used a lot). To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 27. Higher the score is, more it indicates the respondent's tendency to adopt the behaviors described by the subscale when he is in a stressful situation.

Outcome measure for Gamblers

This questionnaire is used to identify the coping strategies used to cope with gambling's habits in the last three months. The subscale is made up of 6 items marked from 0 to 3 (0 = not used; 3 = used a lot). To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 18.Higher the score is, more it indicates the respondent's tendency to adopt the behaviors described by the subscale when he is in a stressful situation.

Outcome Measure for Partners This instrument has 9 items, using a 7-point Likert-type scale. It is used in order to better understand the negotiation and conflict resolution skills that the couple members have used within their marital relationship in the last three months.The score varies between 9 and 63. A high score indicates a greater degree of perceived problem-solving skill within the marital relationship.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

This lists of skills consist of 17 items that expressed in statements representing observable verbal behaviors.Participants were asked to report frequency estimates of their own use of such verbal behaviors using a 4 point likert scale (0 = almost never, 4 = almost always). To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 68.The higher the score is, more it indicates the presence of good communication skills.

Outcome Measure for Partners

This questionnaire is used to identify coping strategies to cope with stressful situations caused by their spouse's gambling habits in the last three months. The subscale is made up of 6 items marked from 0 to 3 (0 = not used; 3 = used a lot). To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 18.Higher the score is, more it indicates the respondent's tendency to adopt the behaviors described by the subscale when he is in a stressful situation.

Outcome Measure for Partners

This questionnaire is used to identify coping strategies to cope with stressful situations caused by their spouse's gambling habits in the last three months. The subscale is made up of 6 items marked from 0 to 3 (0 = not used; 3 = used a lot). To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 18.Higher the score is, more it indicates the respondent's tendency to adopt the behaviors described by the subscale when he is in a stressful situation.

Outcome Measure for Partners

This questionnaire is used to identify coping strategies to cope with stressful situations caused by their spouse's gambling habits in the last three months. The subscale is made up of 9 items marked from 0 to 3 (0 = not used; 3 = used a lot). To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 27.Higher the score is, more it indicates the respondent's tendency to adopt the behaviors described by the subscale when he is in a stressful situation.

Outcome measure for Partners

Number of alcohol standard units (Canada, 1 unit = 13,6g of alcohol) per week during the last three months.

Outcome measure for Partners

Frequency of cannabis use per week in the last three months with a 5-point Likert-type scale (never = 0, 3 times a week or more = 4). Higher the score is, more it indicates a high frequency of cannabis use.

Well described in the Intervention section

Usual individual/group treatment: The control group receive individual or group treatment as already offered by the specialized centers in addiction.Their partner can receive individual intervention if desired.

Total of all reporting groups

Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

Among 12 types of gambling activities, the highest frequency of gambling behaviors for the past 6 months (never = 0; every or almost every day=5). Maximum score is 5. The higher is the score, the higher is the frequency.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

The DEBA-Jeu is a very brief screening grid comprising eight Likert-type items in five points (never = 0, always = 4). The eight items form a scale where the total score varies between 0 and 32. The suggested breaking points are as follows: 0 to 1 = No problem gambling; 2 to 5 =Problem gambling ; 6 to 24 = High probability of problem gambling.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome measure for Gamblers

The Canadian Problem Gambling Index (CPGI) is a 9-item measure with a 4-point Likert-type scale (0 = Never, 3 = Almost always).It asks questions about an individual's gambling habits in the last three months from four categories:

Gambling involvement; Problem gambling behaviour; Adverse Consequences; Correlates of problem gambling.

Scores for the nine items are summed, and the results are interpreted as follows: 0 = non-problem ; 1-4 = low risk; 5-7 = moderate risk; 8 and + (maximum 27) = probable pathological player.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome measure for Gamblers

Total Money spent in canadian dollars for all gambling activities during the last 3 months previous each research interview.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

The ICOG is used to measure two aspects of control related to the JHA processes, namely the level of control over the desire to start playing (e.g., when I decide not to play, I watch stick to that decision) as well as the level of control once the game has started (e.g., when I knew I had little time to play, I would limit myself to the scheduled time). This questionnaire has a total of 10 items and uses a 5-point Likert-type scale ranging from "Never = 1" to "Always = 5", with 4 inverted items.

The total score varies between 10 and 50. A high control represents a score between 10 and 16, a moderate control between 17 and 23 and a score of 24 and more presents a low control in the player.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

This questionnaire measures people's beliefs about gambling. The ICROLJ has 29 items and uses a 4-point Likert-type scale ranging from "Strongly disagree" = 0 to "Strongly agree"=4. To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 116.Higher the score is, more it indicates the presence of erroneous beliefs.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

Short questionnaire of 10 items, assessing to what extent the respondent considers his gambling habits in the last 6 months have harmed various aspects of his life (financial, living conditions, marital, physical health, professional life, social, legal and family). A 5-point Likert-type scale is used "Not at all = 0" to "Extremely = 4". To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 40.Higher the score is, more it's indicate that the respondent is experiencing negative impacts because of his gambling habits.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Partners

Short questionnaire of 10 items, assessing to what extent the respondent considers that his partner's gambling habits have harmed various aspects of his life in the last 6 months (financial, living conditions, marital, physical health, professional life, social, legal and family). A 5-point Likert-type scale is used "Not at all = 0" to "Extremely = 4". To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 40. Higher the score is, more it's indicate that the respondent is experiencing negative impacts because of his partner's gambling habits.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Partners

This questionnaire measures people's beliefs about gambling. The ICROLJ has 29 items and uses a 4-point Likert-type scale ranging from "Strongly disagree" = 0 to "Strongly agree"=4.

To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 116. Higher the score is, more it indicates the presence of erroneous beliefs.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Partners

This questionnaire measure the quality of the support received and given perceived by the two members of the couple. It consists of a total of 8 questions, with a 5-point Likert scale (1 = never; 5 = always).

The total score shows support received and support gave, higher is the result, more it indicates that the member of the couple gave support and receives it (score min = 0 and score max=40).

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row..

Outcome Measure for Partners

This instrument is used to measure psychological distress, including symptoms of depression and anxiety. We used the version of the questionnaire with 14 items. A Likert-type scale ranging from "never = 1" to "very often = 3" is used and the respondent must respond according to their condition during the last seven days. To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 42. A score of 26 and above indicates a high level of psychological distress.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Partners

This instrument is used to measure depressive symptoms in an individual. It measures these symptoms as defined in the American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) for depressive episodes.This questionnaire has 20 items and it assesses how the psychological well-being of the person during the last week. A 4-point Likert-type scale is used ranging from "0 = Never, very rarely (less than a day)" to a rating of "3 = Frequently, all the time (5 to 7 days)" The score can therefore vary from 0 to 60, the higher it is the higher the risk of depression. For a man, a threshold of 17 indicates a risk of depression and for a woman the same threshold is 23.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

This instrument is used to measure psychological distress, including symptoms of depression and anxiety. We used the version of the questionnaire with 14 items. A Likert-type scale ranging from "never = 1" to "very often = 3" is used and the respondent must respond according to their condition during the last seven days. To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 42. A score of 26 and above indicates a high level of psychological distress.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

This instrument is used to measure depressive symptoms in an individual. It measures these symptoms as defined in the American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) for depressive episodes.This questionnaire has 20 items and it assesses how the psychological well-being of the person during the last week. A 4-point Likert-type scale is used ranging from "0 = Never, very rarely (less than a day)" to a rating of "3 = Frequently, all the time (5 to 7 days)" The score can therefore vary from 0 to 60, the higher it is the higher the risk of depression. For a man, a threshold of 17 indicates a risk of depression and for a woman the same threshold is 23.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

This questionnaire makes it possible to measure the quality of the support received and given perceived by the two members of the couple. It consists of a total of 8 questions, with a 5-point Likert scale (1 = never; 5 = always).

The total score shows support received and support gave, higher is the result, more it indicates that the member of the couple gave support and receives it (score min = 0 and score max=40).

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Partners

The MSI is used to measure marital stability in a couple. It comprises a series of 14 items (with inverted items) in a "true" or "false" format thus aiming to assess the risk of separation in this couple (e.g., I very often have ideas of divorce, until once a week or more). Marital distress is measured in terms of concrete actions taken by members of the couple in order to end their union. The total score is between 0 and 14. The higher the scores, the higher the risk of separation and marital distress. A threshold of 8 is considered to be a severe indicator of separation.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

The MSI is used to measure marital stability in a couple.

It comprises a series of 14 items (with inverted items) in a "true" or "false" format thus aiming to assess the risk of separation in this couple (e.g., I very often have ideas of divorce, until once a week or more). Marital distress is measured in terms of concrete actions taken by members of the couple in order to end their union. The total score is between 0 and 14. The higher the scores, the higher the risk of separation and marital distress. A threshold of 8 is considered to be a severe indicator of separation.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Partners

The Dyadic Adjustment Scale is an ultra-brief measure degree of marital satisfaction within the couple.

The short version is made up of only 4 items (considered divorce, estimation of the quality of the relation, confide to mate, degree of happiness): three of which are on a 6-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (all the time) to 5 (never) , while the final item is on a 7-point scale ranging from 0 (extremely happy) to 6 (perfect).

Theoretically possible maximum score of 21, and minimum 0. Scores lower than 11 indicating relationship distress, scores between 12 and 14 corresponding to medium satisfaction and scores upper 15 indicating good marital satisfaction.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

The Dyadic Adjustment Scale is an ultra-brief measure degree of marital satisfaction within the couple.

The short version is made up of only 4 items (considered divorce, estimation of the quality of the relation, confide to mate, degree of happiness): three of which are on a 6-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (all the time) to 5 (never) , while the final item is on a 7-point scale ranging from 0 (extremely happy) to 6 (perfect).

Theoretically possible maximum score of 21, and minimum 0. Scores lower than 11 indicating relationship distress, scores between 12 and 14 corresponding to medium satisfaction and scores upper 15 indicating good marital satisfaction.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

The psychological violence suffered is a subscale of the CTS-2 questionnaire which aims to assess the manifestations of psychological violence committed against the Gambler in the last 3 months. It is made up of 14 items that are rated on a 7-point Likert scale (never happened = 0, 1 time = 1, 2 times = 2, 3 to 5 times = 3, 6 to 10 times = 4, 11 to 20 = 5, more than 20 times = 6). To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 84. The higher it is, more it indicates that the respondent has suffered episodes of violence.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Partners

This lists of skills consist of 17 items that expressed in statements representing observable verbal behaviors.Participants were asked to report frequency estimates of their own use of such verbal behaviors using a 4 point likert scale (0 = almost never, 4 = almost always). To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 68. The higher the score is, more it indicates the presence of good communication skills.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

This instrument has 9 items, using a 7-point Likert-type scale. It is used in order to better understand the negotiation and conflict resolution skills that the couple members have used within their marital relationship in the last three months.

The score varies between 9 and 63. A high score indicates a greater degree of perceived problem-solving skill within the marital relationship.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

This questionnaire is used to identify the coping strategies used to cope with gambling's habits in the last three months. The subscale is made up of 6 items marked from 0 to 3 (0 = not used; 3 = used a lot). To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 18. Higher the score is, more it indicates the respondent's tendency to adopt the behaviors described by the subscale when he is in a stressful situation.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome measure for Gamblers

Number of alcohol standard units (Canada, 1 unit = 13,6g of alcohol) per week during the last three months.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome measure for Gamblers

Frequency of cannabis use per week in the last three months with a 5-point Likert-type scale (never = 0, 3 times a week or more = 4). Higher the score is, more it indicates a high frequency of cannabis use.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome measure for Gamblers

The physical violence suffered is a subscale of the CTS-2 questionnaire which aims to assess the manifestations of physical violence committed against the Gambler in the last 3 months. It is made up of 18 items that are rated on a 7-point Likert scale (never happened = 0, 1 time = 1, 2 times = 2, 3 to 5 times = 3, 6 to 10 times = 4, 11 to 20 = 5, more than 20 times = 6). The total score corresponds to the average obtained on the 18 items, the higher it is, more it indicates that the respondent has suffered episodes of violence.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for the Partner

The physical violence suffered is a subscale of the CTS-2 questionnaire which aims to assess the manifestations of physical violence committed against the partner in the last 3 months. It is made up of 18 items that are rated on a 7-point Likert scale (never happened = 0, 1 time = 1, 2 times = 2, 3 to 5 times = 3, 6 to 10 times = 4, 11 to 20 = 5, more than 20 times = 6). The total score corresponds to the average obtained on the 18 items, the higher it is, more it indicates that the respondent has suffered episodes of violence.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Partners

The psychological violence suffered is a subscale of the CTS-2 questionnaire which aims to assess the manifestations of psychological violence committed against the partner in the last 3 months. It is made up of 14 items that are rated on a 7-point Likert scale (never happened = 0, 1 time = 1, 2 times = 2, 3 to 5 times = 3, 6 to 10 times = 4, 11 to 20 = 5, more than 20 times = 6). To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 84. The higher it is, more it indicates that the respondent has suffered episodes of violence.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome measure for Gamblers

This questionnaire is used to identify the coping strategies used to cope with gambling's habits in the last three months. The subscale is made up of 9 items marked from 0 to 3 (0 = not used; 3 = used a lot). To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 27. Higher the score is, more it indicates the respondent's tendency to adopt the behaviors described by the subscale when he is in a stressful situation.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome measure for Gamblers

This questionnaire is used to identify the coping strategies used to cope with gambling's habits in the last three months. The subscale is made up of 6 items marked from 0 to 3 (0 = not used; 3 = used a lot). To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 18.Higher the score is, more it indicates the respondent's tendency to adopt the behaviors described by the subscale when he is in a stressful situation.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Partners This instrument has 9 items, using a 7-point Likert-type scale. It is used in order to better understand the negotiation and conflict resolution skills that the couple members have used within their marital relationship in the last three months.The score varies between 9 and 63. A high score indicates a greater degree of perceived problem-solving skill within the marital relationship.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Gamblers

This lists of skills consist of 17 items that expressed in statements representing observable verbal behaviors.Participants were asked to report frequency estimates of their own use of such verbal behaviors using a 4 point likert scale (0 = almost never, 4 = almost always). To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 68.The higher the score is, more it indicates the presence of good communication skills.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Partners

This questionnaire is used to identify coping strategies to cope with stressful situations caused by their spouse's gambling habits in the last three months. The subscale is made up of 6 items marked from 0 to 3 (0 = not used; 3 = used a lot). To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 18.Higher the score is, more it indicates the respondent's tendency to adopt the behaviors described by the subscale when he is in a stressful situation.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Partners

This questionnaire is used to identify coping strategies to cope with stressful situations caused by their spouse's gambling habits in the last three months. The subscale is made up of 6 items marked from 0 to 3 (0 = not used; 3 = used a lot). To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 18.Higher the score is, more it indicates the respondent's tendency to adopt the behaviors described by the subscale when he is in a stressful situation.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome Measure for Partners

This questionnaire is used to identify coping strategies to cope with stressful situations caused by their spouse's gambling habits in the last three months. The subscale is made up of 9 items marked from 0 to 3 (0 = not used; 3 = used a lot). To compute a total score, all item' score are summed. The total score ranges from 0 to 27.Higher the score is, more it indicates the respondent's tendency to adopt the behaviors described by the subscale when he is in a stressful situation.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome measure for Partners

Number of alcohol standard units (Canada, 1 unit = 13,6g of alcohol) per week during the last three months.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Outcome measure for Partners

Frequency of cannabis use per week in the last three months with a 5-point Likert-type scale (never = 0, 3 times a week or more = 4). Higher the score is, more it indicates a high frequency of cannabis use.

Analysis Population is based on all participants (n= 80 couples) enrolled in the study. Over the 18 months of follow-up, a slight attrition of participants can be observed, explaining the difference between the overall number of participants analyzed and the number of participants analyzed per row.

Usual individual/group treatment: The control group receive individual or group treatment as already offered by the specialized centers in addiction.Their partner can receive individual intervention if desired.