The metabolic syndrome is rising worldwide as a consequence of the continued obesity epidemic. The current obesogenic environment makes the regulation of energy intake difficult and impedes the maintenance of weight loss. Dietary patterns and/or ingredients that curb hunger and reduce energy intake are critically needed. We hypothesize that inclusion of protein and prebiotic fiber in the diet will reduce adiposity in overweight and obesity adults.

The main objective of our study is to assess the effects of protein and prebiotic fiber intake on changes in adiposity in an overweight and obese adult population.

Primary objective - To determine the effect of 12 week protein (10 g/day) or prebiotic fiber (16 g/day) intake on changes in body composition, chiefly body fat.

Secondary objective - To measure changes in appetite following 12 weeks of protein (10 g/day) or prebiotic fiber (16 g/day) intake.

Other outcomes includes changes in quality of life ratings and gut microbiota.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Males and females
• Age 18 - 70 years
• BMI 25 - 38 kg/m-2
• Stable body weight for at least 3 months prior to the study

Exclusion Criteria:

• Type 1 diabetes
• Clinically significant cardiovascular, liver or pancreas disease
• Major gastrointestinal surgeries
• Pregnant or lactating
• Concomitant use of any weight loss medication, diet or exercise regime
• Antibiotic use in the preceding 3 months to enrollment
• Weight loss > 3 kg within preceding 3 months to enrollment
• Use of bulk laxatives, fiber supplements or probiotic/prebiotic supplements