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The primary objective of this study was to assess whether angiotensin blockers (ARBs) and telmisartan in particular, are associated with an increased overall risk of the four most common cancers, namely, lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancers. A secondary objective was to explore these effects separately for each of the four cancers and in combination with angiotensin-converting-enzyme-inhibitors (ACEIs).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patients prescribed antihypertensives |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ARB | Drug | other than telmisartan |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Number of patients with occurrences of lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancers related to use of ARBs | 16 years | |
| Determination of dose-response in terms of ARB duration of use and cumulative dose and the risk of lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancers combined | 16 years | |
| Ratio of occurrence of lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancers related to use of ARBs, relative to beta-blockers and diuretics | 16 years | |
| Ratio of occurrence of lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancers related to use of telmisartan, relative to beta-blockers and diuretics | 16 years | |
| Ratio of occurrence of lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancers related to use of telmisartan relative to other ARBs | 16 years |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Number of patients with occurrences of lung cancer related to use of ARBs alone | 16 years | |
| Number of patients with occurrences of colorectal cancer related to use of ARBs alone | 16 years | |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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All patients prescribed an antihypertensive agent between January 1, 1995 and December 31, 2008, with follow-up until December 31, 2010 Information extracted from United Kingdom General Practice Research Database (GPRD)
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000319 | Adrenergic beta-Antagonists |
| D004232 | Diuretics |
| D000077333 | Telmisartan |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D018674 | Adrenergic Antagonists |
| D018663 | Adrenergic Agents |
| D018377 | Neurotransmitter Agents |
| D045504 | Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action |
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| ACEI |
| Drug |
|
| Beta-blockers | Drug |
|
| Diuretics | Drug |
|
| Telmisartan | Drug |
|
| Number of patients with occurrences of breast cancer related to use of ARBs alone |
| 16 years |
| Number of patients with occurrences of prostate cancer related to use of ARBs alone | 16 years |
| Number of patients with occurrences of lung cancer related to use of ARBs with ACEI | 16 years |
| Number of patients with occurrences of colorectal cancer related to use of ARBs with ACEI | 16 years |
| Number of patients with occurrences of breast cancer related to use of ARBs with ACEI | 16 years |
| Number of patients with occurrences of prostate cancer related to use of ARBs with ACEI | 16 years |
| Ratio of occurrence of lung cancer related to use of telmisartan relative to other ARBs | 16 years |
| Ratio of occurrence of colorectal cancer related to use of telmisartan relative to other ARBs | 16 years |
| Ratio of occurrence of breast cancer related to use of telmisartan relative to other ARBs | 16 years |
| Ratio of occurrence of prostate cancer related to use of telmisartan relative to other ARBs | 16 years |
| D020228 | Pharmacologic Actions |
| D020164 | Chemical Actions and Uses |
| D045505 | Physiological Effects of Drugs |
| D045283 | Natriuretic Agents |
| D001713 | Biphenyl Compounds |
| D001555 | Benzene Derivatives |
| D006841 | Hydrocarbons, Aromatic |
| D006844 | Hydrocarbons, Cyclic |
| D006838 | Hydrocarbons |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D001562 | Benzimidazoles |
| D006574 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring |
| D000072471 | Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |