This study was set up to identify clinical outcomes including a refractive shift or change in IOL calculation accuracy and optical quality after Ophtec® capsular tension ring in the eyes without zonular instability.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. age between 40 and 79 years
2. no history of eye surgery or glaucoma
3. a transparent central cornea
4. pupil dilation at the preoperative examination of at least 6.0 mm
5. absence of biomicroscopic signs of pseudoexfoliation
6. normal fundus examination

Exclusion Criteria:

1. presence of ocular disease that might affect the visual outcome (e.g., color vision disturbance, chronic uveitis)
2. presence of ocular disease that might affect contrast sensitivity function (e.g., glaucoma, maculopathy, high myopia)

The patients who were planned to undergo the cataract surgery in Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine