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The investigators perform this study to evaluate the effects of caudal Dexmedetomidine (DEX) added to high volume/low-concentration of ropivacaine in children undergoing orchiopexy.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Caudal ropivacaine + normal saline | Placebo Comparator | 1.5ml kg-1 ropivacaine 0.15% with normal saline (Control group, n=40). |
|
| Caudal ropivacaine + dexmedetomidine | Experimental | 1.5ml kg-1 ropivacaine 0.15% with dexmedetomidine 1 μg kg-1 (DEX group, n=40) |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caudal ropivacaine + normal saline | Drug |
| ||
| Caudal ropivacaine + dexmedetomidine |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| vital sign | systolic arterial pressure | up to 180 min after surgery |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| inhalation anesthetics requirements | end-tidal sevoflurane concentration required to maintain hemodynamic changes < 20% of the preoperative baseline | up to 180 min after surgery |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| incidence of agitation | number of patients | up to 180 min after surgery |
| sedation score | three-point scale (0=eyes open spontaneously, 1=verbal stimulation, 2=physical stimulation |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yonsei Univ. College of Medicine Dep. Of Anesthesiology | Seoul | Seoul | 120-752 | South Korea |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 26133711 | Derived | Cho JE, Kim JY, Park SJ, Kil HK. The Effect of 1 microg/kg Dexmedetomidine Combined with High-Volume/Low-Concentration Caudal Ropivacaine in Children Undergoing Ambulatory Orchiopexy. Biol Pharm Bull. 2015;38(7):1020-5. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b15-00086. |
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| Drug |
|
| up to 180 min after surgery |
| pain scores | Face Legs Activity Cry, Consolability scale (FLACC) Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale (CHEOPS) | up to 180 min after surgery |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000077330 | Saline Solution |
| D020927 | Dexmedetomidine |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000077324 | Crystalloid Solutions |
| D007552 | Isotonic Solutions |
| D012996 | Solutions |
| D004364 | Pharmaceutical Preparations |
| D007093 | Imidazoles |
| D001393 | Azoles |
| D006573 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
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