The proposed research aims to examine whether regular aerobic exercise can preserve renal function, improve aerobic capacity, physical and psychosocial function, strength, cardiovascular function, general well-being and quality of life. Ultimately, the research aims to prove that exercise is a more cost-effective and a more efficient use or healthcare resources used in the treatment of patients with CKD. Exercise is a relatively cheap treatment option which is readily available and accessible for this patient population. establish if, compared with usual care, an exercise programme for pre-dialysis CKD patients;

1. Preserves renal function.
2. Improves aerobic capacity, physical and psychosocial function, strength, cardiovascular function, general well-being and quality of life.

Inclusion Criteria:

• - Stages 3-4 chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients (glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 20-60 mL/min)
• Male or female
• Aged >18 years
• Written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pregnancy

  • Requiring support for ambulation less than 20m
  • Vasculitis,
  • Proliferative diabetic retinopathy,
  • Severe osteodystrophy,
  • Uncontrolled diabetes,
  • Psychiatric illness, including anxiety, mood and untreated eating disorders
  • Infection or course of antibiotics within the last month