Delayed or Direct Ureteroscopy in the Treatment of Pediatric Calcular Anuria

Staged Ureteroscopy After Initial Urinary Drainage Versus Direct Ureteroscopy in the Treatment of Pediatric Obstructive Calcular Anuria

To compare staged ureteroscopy following initial urinary drainage versus direct ureteroscopy without initial urinary drainage in the treatment of obstructive calcular anuria with acute renal failure in children.

To compare staged ureteroscopy following initial urinary drainage and stabilization of renal functions using percutaneous nephrostomy or double J stent versus direct ureteroscopy without initial urinary drainage in the treatment of obstructive calcular anuria with acute renal failure due to ureteric calculi in children.

Inclusion Criteria:

• children ≤12 years old presenting with Obstructive Anuria and Acute Renal Failure due to bilateral ureteric stones suitable for ureteroscopy.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Fever, pyonephrosis or sepsis.
• unstable patients are stabilized first by dialysis.