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ICU patients always experience all kinds of pain, discomfort and sleep disturbance,especially the sepsis patients. Appropriate sedation and analgesia is must,the newest sepsis guideline strongly recommend that mechanically ventilated sepsis patients need sedation therapy.
Recent studies show than immune dysfunction dose have an important effect on the occurrence and development of sepsis. When the body suffer from the pathogenic microorganism attacking and sepsis, it activate the systemic inflammatory response (SIRS) and compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome (CARS). When it is out of balance between SIRS and CARS, the inflammatory response, immune paralysis or immune dysfunction occurs and the mixed anti-inflammatory response syndrome (MARS) exists, and then the multiple organ dysfunction. So, immune dysfunction is thought to be the key factors on the development of the sepsis. Some studies show that the sedation drug such as midazolam, propofol, dexmedetomidine could suppress the inflammatory response effectively and then modulate the immune function.
Several recent studies show that midazolam has the immunoregulation effect and trend of suppress the inflammatory response, but the result is controversy, the possibly reason is the different immune status. Now there is the guideline about the different immune status: the normal immune function means that the value of mHLA-DR is more than 15000 monoclonal antibody; moderate-sever immune suppression means that the value of mHLA-DR is in the range of 5000 and 15000 monoclonal antibody; the immune paralysis means that the value of mHLA-DR is less than 5000 monoclonal antibody.
The purpose of the study is to explore the effect of midazolam to inflammatory response and organ function at mechanically ventilated sepsis patients who have different immune status.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Normal immune function | Experimental | The value of monocyte human leukocyte antigen-DR (mHLA-DR) is equal to or more than 15000 monoclonal antibody. |
|
| Moderate immunosuppression | Experimental | The value of mHLA-DR is equal to or more than 10000 and less than 15000 monoclonal antibody. |
|
| Sever immunosuppression | Experimental | The value of mHLA-DR is equal to or more than 5000 and less than 10000 monoclonal antibody. |
|
| Immune paralysis | Experimental | The value of mHLA-DR is less than 5000 monoclonal antibody. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| blood sample collection | Other | Patients were included 1 hrs later(before the study drug is administrated), 3 d and 7 d after sedation with midazolam, blood sample is collected. Flow cytometry is performed to test the mHLA-DR and according the value of mHLA-DR, assign the participant to the 4 groups as described in the arm. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| T cell subset T Helper 1 | T Helper 1(TH1) are tested before sedation, 3 d and 7 d after sedation with midazolam. The test method is Flow cytometry. | Change from baseline of T Helper 1 at 3 and 7 days. |
| T cell subset T Helper 2 | T Helper 2(TH2) are tested before sedation, 3 d and 7 d after sedation with midazolam. The test method is Flow cytometry. | Change from baseline of T Helper 2 at 3 and 7 days. |
| T cell subset Regulatory T Cell | Regulatory T Cell are tested before sedation, 3 d and 7 d after sedation with midazolam. The test method is Flow cytometry. | Change from baseline of Regulatory T Cell at 3 and 7 days. |
| Interleukin-6 | Levels of interleukin-6(IL-6) are tested before sedation, 3 d and 7 d after sedation with midazolam. The test method is Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay（ELISA）. | Change from baseline of Interleukin-6 at 3 and 7 days. |
| Interleukin-10 | Levels of interleukin-10(IL-10) are tested before sedation, 3 d and 7 d after sedation with midazolam. The test method is Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay（ELISA）. | Change from baseline of Interleukin-10 at 3 and 7 days. |
| Tumo necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) | Levels of Tumo necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) are tested before sedation, 3 d and 7 d after sedation with midazolam. The test method is Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay（ELISA）. | Change from baseline of TNF-α at 3 and 7 days. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| duration of mechanical ventilation | from the begining of ventilation to weaning, up to 7 days. | |
| Number of Participants with Serious and Non-Serious Adverse Events | up to 7 days | |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| mHLA-DR | Levels of mHLA-DR are tested before sedation, 3 d and 7 d after sedation with midazolam. The test method is Flow cytometry. | baseline,the 3rd and 7th day after sedation |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Yuhang Ai, Doctor. | Xiangya Hospital of Central South University | Principal Investigator |
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|
| Midazolam | Drug | The loading dose of midazolam is 0.03-0.3 mg/kg, intravenous injected slowly for 10 minutes, then 0.04-0.2 mg/kg/h for maintenance of sedation. |
|
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| Morphine | Drug | Morphine is the only analgesic drug that permitted to use. 2 mg morphine is given a bolus when the participant feel pain. If the pain is not alleviated, 0.4-1 mg/h morphine is maintained. |
|
| Sedation interruption | Procedure | Sedation interruption is performed at 8 am every morning. |
|
| Mortality |
Participants' mortality of 28 and 90 days is recorded, including state of survival, the date and the reason of death. |
| up to 28 days |
| Length of ICU stay | from ICU admmittion to discharge from ICU,up to 28 days. |
| Index of renal function | level of Blood Urea Nitrogen(BUN) and Creatinine(Cr). | baseline,the 3rd and 7th day after sedation |
| Index of myocardial enzyme | level of Brain Natriuretic Peptide(BNP). | baseline,the 3rd and 7th day after sedation |
| Index of hepatic function | level of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(ALT),glutamic oxalacetic transaminase(AST),Total Bilirubin(Tbil). | baseline,the 3rd and 7th day after sedation |
| Index of endocrine function | level of cortisol and blood glucose. | baseline,the 3rd and 7th day after sedation |
| C-reaction protein | C-reaction protein(CRP)is tested before sedation, 3 d and 7 d after sedation with midazolam. The test method is Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay（ELISA）. | baseline,the 3rd and 7th day after sedation |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D018805 | Sepsis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007239 | Infections |
| D018746 | Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome |
| D007249 | Inflammation |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008874 | Midazolam |
| D009020 | Morphine |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001569 | Benzodiazepines |
| D001552 | Benzazepines |
| D006574 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring |
| D000072471 | Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
| D009022 | Morphine Derivatives |
| D009019 | Morphinans |
| D053610 | Opiate Alkaloids |
| D000470 | Alkaloids |
| D006572 | Heterocyclic Compounds, Bridged-Ring |
| D006576 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings |
| D010616 | Phenanthrenes |
| D011084 | Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons |
| D011083 | Polycyclic Compounds |
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