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Walking Meditation training would yield more favorable adaptations than walking alone in improving glycemic control and vascular function in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Walking meditation & Walking | Experimental |
| |
| Walking meditation & No exercise | Active Comparator |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Walking Meditation | Other | Walking Meditation training program will be based on aerobic walking exercise combined with Buddhist meditation. The subjects will perform walking on the treadmill while concentrated on foot stepping by voiced "Budd" and "Dha" with each foot step that contacted the floor to practice mindfulness while walking. Walking Meditation will be conducted at mild to moderate intensity (50-60% maximum heart rate) and in phase 2 (week 7-12), the training intensity will be increased to moderate intensity (60-70% maximum heart rate). In both phases the training will be performed for 30 minutes, 3 times per week. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline in glycemic control | The glycemic control will be quantified using blood samples. Fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and insulin will be measured with standard procedures at the clinical laboratory (Bria Lab, Bangkok, Thailand).Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA), the parameter for insulin resistance, will be calculated by using equation of [Fasting glucose (mg/dL) × Insulin level (uU/mL) / 405]. | Baseline, Week 12 |
| Change from baseline in vascular reactivity | Vascular reactivity or brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) will be assessed with the ultrasound equipment (CX50, Philips, USA), using the blood occlusion technique on the right forearm. The brachial artery will be imaged above the antecubital fossa in the longitudinal plane. Baseline data will be monitored and the cuff placed around the right forearm will be inflated to 50 mmHg above systolic blood pressure for 5 minutes and then deflated for 5 minutes of recovery. FMD will be calculated from the formula FMD=(D2-D1)x100/D1 when D1 is the brachial artery diameter at baseline, D2 is the maximal post-occlusion brachial artery diameter | baseline, week 12 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline in stress indicators |
| Baseline, Week 12 |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Daroonwan Suksom, Ph.D. | Faculty of Sports Science, Chulalongkorn University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Primary Health Promoting Hospital | Prapadang | Changwat Samut Prakan | 10130 | Thailand |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24102912 | Background | Mitranun W, Deerochanawong C, Tanaka H, Suksom D. Continuous vs interval training on glycemic control and macro- and microvascular reactivity in type 2 diabetic patients. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2014 Apr;24(2):e69-76. doi: 10.1111/sms.12112. Epub 2013 Sep 17. |
| Label | URL |
|---|---|
| Related Info | View source |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003924 | Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 |
| D003920 | Diabetes Mellitus |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D004700 | Endocrine System Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D016138 | Walking |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008124 | Locomotion |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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| Walking | Other | Walking training program will be based on aerobic walking exercise. The subjects will perform walking on the treadmill and conducted at mild to moderate intensity (50-60% maximum heart rate) and in phase 2 (week 7-12), the training intensity will be increased to moderate intensity (60-70% maximum heart rate). In both phases the training will be performed for 30 minutes, 3 times per week. |
|
| No exercise | Other | Sedentary life style. |
|
| Change from baseline in physical fitness |
|
| Baseline, Week 12 |
| Change from baseline in Peripheral arterial stiffness | Pulse wave velocity measurement will be assessed with MD6 bidirectional transcutaneous Doppler probe (Hokanson, Bellevue, WA, USA). All subjects were monitored with an EKG and PWV measurements in the computer and used as timing markers for PWV identification. | Baseline, Week 12 |
| Change from baseline in ankle-brachial index. | Ankle-brachial index will be evaluated with a manual MD6 bidirectional transcutaneous Doppler probe (Hokanson, Bellevue, WA, USA) and will be calculated by dividing the highest ankle systolic blood pressure by the highest brachial systolic blood pressure. | Baseline, Week 12 |
| Change from baseline in blood chemistry |
| Baseline, Week 12 |
| D015444 | Exercise |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |