New Brazilian Guidelines for Viral Hepatitis C and Coinfetions. It does not include the treatment of chronic HCV Metavir < F3 and abandon the use of interferon.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the supplementation of vitamins D and B12 in combination with Pegylated Interferon-Alfa and Ribavirin in the treatment of genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C, who do not qualify to receive protease inhibitor in Brazil.

Randomized clinical trial comparing rates of RVR, eRVR, EOT and SVR during standard treatment with Pegylated Interferon-Alfa plus Ribavirin compared to the same treatment supplemented with B12 and vitamin D during the treatment period.

Patients assigned to the vitamin supplementation group will receive the standard treatment of Pegylated Interferon-Alfa plus Ribavirin for 48 weeks together oral Vitamin D and intramuscular Vitamin B12. The control group will receive the same regimen of peguilated alfainterferon plus ribavirin for 48 weeks without any vitamin supplementation.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Genotype 1 HCV infection confirmed a positive test for anti-HCV antibody and detectable serum HCV RNA by PCR
• Pegylated Interferon-Alfa treatment naïve
• Liver biopsy with Metavir F2 or less
• Cognitive capacity to understand and sign the informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• HBV or HIV co-infection
• Hemoglobin level less than 10 g/dL or total neutrophil count less than 1,500/mm3 or platlet count below 75,000/mm3
• Creatinin ≥ 1.5 mg/dL
• Severe cardiopathy
• Pregnancy or impossibility to use birth control methods by the couple, or breast-feeding
• Conditions that, according to the investigator's judgement, preclude participation in the study, including clinical, cognitive or behavioural conditions