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Noninvasive brain stimulation was recently gradually be emphasized. The electrical current applied on scalp can effective modulate cortical excitability. Forms of Stimulation included transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS) and transcranial alternating stimulation(tACS). tDCS had been proved the effect of cortical excitability modulation. The polarization effect of direct current stimulation can modulation specific brain area and enhance motor performance. tACS was still controversial about the effect on cortical excitability. Previous study show that the frequency dependent excitatory or inhibitory effect on cortex. The possible mechanism was to affect brain oscillation status by provided different frequency of stimulation. Transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TENS) was common used on management of chronic pain. Peripheral nerve stimulation can enhance pain or sensory evoked potential was noted. Effect of low frequency TENS on central nervous is unknown.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| E1 | Experimental | Experiment 1 will measure the cortical excitability change after TENS intervention. |
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| E2 | Experimental | Experiment 2 will measures implicit sequential motor task performance and cortical hemodynamic response using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during motor execution. Cortical excitability will also be measured contemporary |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| "Enraf-Nonius" Muscle stimulator | Device | The order 15Hz TENS stimulation session and sham stimulation session will also be randomized. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Motor evoked potential | Use single-pulse TMS to assess Motor evoked potential change. | Baseline,0 minute,30 minutes,60 minutes. |
| Intracortical inhibition & Intracortical facilitation | Use paired-pulse TMS to record pre-test and post-test change. | Baseline,0 minute,30 minutes,60 minutes. |
| Blood oxygen dependent level | Use Near-infrared spectroscopy to record pre-test, in experiment, and post-test change | Baseline,in experiment,0 minute,30 minutes,60 minutes. |
| Implicit sequential motor task performance | Change of Measure of Learning curve. | Baseline,in experiment,0 minute,30 minutes,60 minutes. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chang Gung University | Recruiting | Taoyuan | 333 | Taiwan |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004561 | Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004599 | Electric Stimulation Therapy |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D026741 | Physical Therapy Modalities |
| D012046 | Rehabilitation |
| D000698 | Analgesia |
| D000760 | Anesthesia and Analgesia |
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