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This is a randomized controlled trial with a 3-month psychoeducational program as intervention, followed by a 3 month observational period. The purpose of this study was to examine whether a psychoeducational program focusing on equipping caregivers with problem-solving skills would improve caregiver's problem-solving abilities, their psychological responses and caregiving resources, and would minimize the use of health and social services among stroke survivors.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Psychoeducational program | Experimental | Psychoeducational program consisted of (1) two inpatient sessions of face-to-face education on stroke and its caregiving; (2) six biweekly problem-solving training via telephone contacts after the discharge of stroke survivors |
|
| Usual care | No Intervention |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Psychoeducation | Behavioral |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Caregivers' change in depressive symptom severity from baseline | Change in depressive symptoms severity, as measured by the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (Chinese version), will be analyzed by the GEE model | 3 month post intervention |
| Caregiver's change in perceived mental health from baseline | Change in perceived mental health, as measured by the Chinese (Hong Kong) Medical Outcomes Study 12-item Short Form Health Survey version 2 (SF-12v2), its mental component summary score will be analyzed by the GEE model | 3 months post intervention |
| Caregiver's change in caregiving burden | End-point between-group differences of the caregiving burden, as measured by the Caregiving Strain Index (Chinese version), will be analyzed by multiple regression analysis | at immediate post-intervention, 1-month post-intervention, 3-month post-intervention |
| Caregiver's change in caregiving competence from baseline | Change in caregiving competence, as measured by the Caregiving Competence Scale (Chinese version), will be analyzed by the GEE model | 3 months post intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Caregiver's change in self-appraised problem-solving abilities from baseline | Change in self-appraised problem-solving abilities, as measured by the Problem Solving Inventory (Chinese version), will be analyzed using the Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) model | 3 months post intervention |
| Caregiver's change in family functioning from baseline |
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Inclusion Criteria (caregiver):
Inclusion Criteria (stroke survivor):
Exclusion Criteria (caregiver and stroke survivor):
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ho Yu CHENG, PgD (MH), BN | Nethersole School of Nursing, Chinese University of Hong Kong | Principal Investigator |
| Janita Chau, PhD | The Nethersole School of Nursing | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin Hospital, Tai Po Hospital | Hong Kong SAR | China |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 34813082 | Derived | Crocker TF, Brown L, Lam N, Wray F, Knapp P, Forster A. Information provision for stroke survivors and their carers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Nov 23;11(11):CD001919. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001919.pub4. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020521 | Stroke |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002561 | Cerebrovascular Disorders |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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Change in family functioning, as measured by the McMaster Model of Family Assessment Device (Chinese version), will be analyzed using the GEE model |
| 3 months post intervention |
| Caregiver's change in perceived social support from baseline | Change in perceived social support, as measured by the Six-item Social Support Questionnaire (Chinese version), will be analyzed using the GEE model | 3 months post intervention |
| Caregiver's change in perceived physical health from baseline | Change in perceived physical health, as measured by the Chinese (Hong Kong) SF-12v2 (Physical Component Summary Score), will be analyzed by the GEE model | 3 months post intervention |
| Caregiving-related injuries | End-point between-group differences of the self-reported caregiving related injuries will be analyzed using Chi square statistics | at immediate post-intervention, 1-month post-intervention, 3-month post-intervention |
| Stroke-related hospital readmission (stroke survivors) | End-point between-group differences of the self-reported stroke-related hospital readmission, such as falls, recurrent stroke, will be analyzed using Chi square statistics | at immediate post-intervention, 1-month post-intervention, 3-month post-intervention |
| Placement to residential/nursing care home (stroke survivors) | End-point between-group differences of the placement to residential/nursing care home of stroke survivors will be analyzed by the Chi square statistics | at immediate post-intervention, 1-month post-intervention, 3-month post-intervention |
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |