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| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2013-003132-79 | EudraCT Number | ||
| U1111-1148-4351 | Other Identifier | UTN |
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Primary Objective:
To demonstrate the superiority of the insulin glargine/lixisenatide fixed ratio combination (FRC) to insulin glargine in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) change from baseline to Week 30.
Secondary Objective:
To compare the overall efficacy and safety of insulin glargine/lixisenatide FRC to insulin glargine (with or without metformin) over a 30 week treatment period in participants with type 2 diabetes.
Maximum duration of approximately 39 weeks: an up to 8-week screening period, a 30-week randomized treatment period and 3 days post-treatment safety follow up period.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC) | Experimental | FRC once daily (QD) for 30 weeks. Dose individually adjusted. |
|
| Insulin glargine | Active Comparator | Insulin glargine 100 U/mL QD for 30 weeks. Dose individually adjusted. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Insulin glargine/lixisenatide (HOE901/AVE0010) | Drug | Insulin glargine/lixisenatide FRC was self-administered by subcutaneous (SC) injection within 1 hour before breakfast using one of 2 SoloStar® pen-injectors: Pen A (ratio of 2 Units (U) of insulin glargine U 100:1 mcg of lixisenatide) or Pen B (ratio of 3 U of insulin glargine U 100:1 mcg of lixisenatide). After run-in, the FRC was initiated at a dose of either 20 U/10 mcg with Pen A or 30 U/10 mcg with Pen B, depending on participant's dose of Insulin glargine on the day prior to randomization. Dose was adjusted weekly to reach and maintain fasting self-monitored plasma glucose (SMPG) of 80 mg/dL to 100 mg/dL (4.4 mmol/L to 5.6 mmol/L). Pen A was used for administration of doses up to 40 U/20 mcg and Pen B for administration of doses from 30 U/10 mcg up to 60 U/20 mcg. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) From Baseline to Week 30 | Change in HbA1c was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 30 value. | Baseline, Week 30 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants With HbA1c <7.0% or ≤6.5% at Week 30 | Week 30 | |
| Change in 2-hour Plasma Blood Glucose Excursion From Baseline to Week 30 | Plasma glucose excursion = 2-hour postprandial glucose (PPG) minus plasma glucose value obtained 30 minutes prior to the start of the meal and before investigational medicinal product (IMP) administration, if IMP was injected before breakfast. Change in plasma glucose excursions was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 30 value. |
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Inclusion criteria :
Type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosed at least 1 year before the screening visit.
Treatment with basal insulin for at least 6 months before the screening visit.
Stable basal insulin regimen (i.e. type of insulin and time/frequency of the injection) for at least 3 months before the screening visit.
Stable (plus/minus 20 percent) total daily basal insulin dose between 15 and 40 Units/day for at least 2 months prior to the screening visit.
For participants receiving basal insulin and 1 or 2 oral anti-diabetic drugs (OADs): the OAD dose(s) must be stable during the 3 months before the screening visit. The OADs could be 1 to 2 out of:
Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) less than or equal to 180 mg/dL(10.0 mmol/L) at screening visit for participants receiving basal insulin in combination with 2 OADs or with 1 OAD other than metformin; FPG less than or equal to 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) at screening visit for participants on basal insulin only or basal insulin plus metformin at screening visit.
Signed written informed consent.
Exclusion criteria:
Exclusion criteria for randomization:
The above information is not intended to contain all considerations relevant to a participant's potential participation in a clinical trial.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Sciences & Operations | Sanofi | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Investigational Site Number 840607 | Birmingham | Alabama | 35205 | United States | ||
| Investigational Site Number 840570 |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 27650977 | Result | Aroda VR, Rosenstock J, Wysham C, Unger J, Bellido D, Gonzalez-Galvez G, Takami A, Guo H, Niemoeller E, Souhami E, Bergenstal RM; LixiLan-L Trial Investigators. Efficacy and Safety of LixiLan, a Titratable Fixed-Ratio Combination of Insulin Glargine Plus Lixisenatide in Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled on Basal Insulin and Metformin: The LixiLan-L Randomized Trial. Diabetes Care. 2016 Nov;39(11):1972-1980. doi: 10.2337/dc16-1495. Epub 2016 Sep 20. | |
| 31848983 |
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After screening phase, 1018 participants entered 6 week run-in phase during which participants were switched (if necessary) to insulin glargine and dose was titrated/stabilized, any oral anti-diabetic drugs (OAD) other than metformin were stopped. 282 participants were run-in failures and 736 were randomized in 1:1(FRC:insulin glargine arms) ratio.
The study was conducted at 236 centers in 18 countries. A total of 1930 participants were screened between January 27, 2014 and October 15, 2014. 912 participants were not eligible for run-in-phase mainly due to glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) value being out of the protocol defined range.
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC) | FRC injected subcutaneously once daily (QD) for 30 weeks. Dose individually adjusted. |
| FG001 | Insulin Glargine | Insulin glargine 100 U/mL injected subcutaneously QD for 30 weeks. Dose individually adjusted. |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study |
|
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|
| Insulin glargine (HOE901) | Drug | Insulin glargine was self-administered QD by SC injection at approximately the same time every day. After screening, eligible participants entered 6 week run-in phase during which they were switched (if necessary) to insulin glargine and dose was stabilized. The first dose after randomization was same as the one administered on the day prior to randomization and then dose was adjusted weekly to reach and maintain fasting SMPG of 80 mg/dL to 100 mg/dL (4.4 mmol/L to 5.6 mmol/L). |
|
|
| Metformin (Background Drug) | Drug | Pharmaceutical form: Tablet; Route of administration: Oral administration |
|
| Baseline, Week 30 |
| Change in Body Weight From Baseline to Week 30 | Change in body weight was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 30 value. | Baseline, Week 30 |
| Mean Change in 7-point Self-monitored Plasma Glucose (SMPG) Profile From Baseline to Week 30 | Participants recorded a 7-point plasma glucose profile measured before and 2-hours after each meal and at bedtime, two times in a week before baseline, before visit Week 12 and before visit Week 30 and the average value across the profiles performed in the week before a visit for the 7 time points was calculated. Change in average 7 point SMPG was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 30 value. The analysis included all scheduled measurements obtained during the study. The missing data was handled by mixed effect model with repeated measures (MMRM) approach. | Baseline, Week 30 |
| Percentage of Participants Reaching HbA1c <7.0% With No Body Weight Gain at Week 30 | Week 30 |
| Change in Daily Insulin Glargine Dose From Baseline to Week 30 | Baseline, Week 30 |
| Percentage of Participants Reaching HbA1c <7.0% With No Body Weight Gain at Week 30 and No Documented Symptomatic Hypoglycemia (Plasma Glucose [PG] ≤ 70 mg/dL [3.9 mmol/L]) During 30-Week Treatment Period | Documented symptomatic hypoglycemia was an event during which typical symptoms of hypoglycemia were accompanied by a measured plasma glucose concentration of ≤70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L). | Baseline up to Week 30 |
| Change in FPG From Baseline to Week 30 | Change in FPG was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 30 value. | Baseline, Week 30 |
| Change in 2-hour PPG From Baseline to Week 30 | Change in PPG was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 30 value. | Baseline, Week 30 |
| Percentage of Participants Reaching HbA1c <7.0% With No Documented Symptomatic Hypoglycemia (PG ≤ 70 mg/dL [3.9 mmol/L]) During 30-Week Treatment Period | Documented symptomatic hypoglycemia was an event during which typical symptoms of hypoglycemia were accompanied by a measured plasma glucose concentration of ≤70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L). | Baseline up to Week 30 |
| Percentage of Participants Requiring Rescue Therapy During 30-Week Treatment Period | Routine fasting SMPG and central laboratory FPG (and HbA1c after Week 12) values were used to determine the requirement of rescue medication. If fasting SMPG value exceeded the specified limit for 3 consecutive days, the central laboratory FPG (and HbA1c after Week 12) were performed. Threshold values - from Week 8 to Week 12: fasting SMPG/FPG >240 mg/dL (13.3 mmol/L), and from Week 12 to Week 30: fasting SMPG/FPG >200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) or HbA1c >8%. | Baseline up to Week 30 |
| Number of Documented Symptomatic Hypoglycemia Events Per Subject-Year | Documented symptomatic hypoglycemia was an event during which typical symptoms of hypoglycemia were accompanied by a measured plasma glucose concentration of ≤70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L). | First dose of study drug up to 1 day after the last dose administration (median treatment exposure 211 days [FRC], 210 days [Insulin glargine]) |
| Percentage of Participants With Documented Symptomatic Hypoglycemia | Documented symptomatic hypoglycemia was an event during which typical symptoms of hypoglycemia were accompanied by a measured plasma glucose concentration of ≤70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L). | First dose of study drug up to 1 day after the last dose administration (median treatment exposure 211 days [FRC], 210 days [Insulin glargine]) |
| Percentage of Participants With Severe Symptomatic Hypoglycemia | Severe symptomatic hypoglycemia was an event requiring assistance of another person to actively administer carbohydrate, glucagon, or other resuscitative actions. Plasma glucose measurements might not had been available during such an event, but neurological recovery attributable to the restoration of plasma glucose to normal was considered sufficient evidence that the event had been induced by a low plasma glucose concentration. Severe symptomatic hypoglycemia included all episodes in which neurological impairment was severe enough to prevent self-treatment, and which were thus thought to place participants at risk for injury to themselves or others. | First dose of study drug up to 1 day after the last dose administration (median treatment exposure 211 days [FRC], 210 days [Insulin glargine]) |
| Sun City |
| Arizona |
| 85351 |
| United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840562 | Tempe | Arizona | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840577 | Tucson | Arizona | 85723 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840517 | Little Rock | Arkansas | 72205 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840537 | Little Rock | Arkansas | 72205 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840568 | Bell Gardens | California | 90201 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840550 | Chino | California | 91710 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840529 | Chula Vista | California | 91911 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840623 | Corona | California | 92879 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840566 | Fresno | California | 93720 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840552 | Greenbrae | California | 94904 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840578 | Lancaster | California | 93534 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840626 | Los Angeles | California | 90017 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840581 | Los Angeles | California | 90057 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840621 | Mission Viejo | California | 92691 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840511 | Northridge | California | 91325 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840573 | Palm Springs | California | 92262 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840559 | Port Hueneme | California | 93041 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840536 | San Ramon | California | 94583 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840567 | Santa Ana | California | 92704 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840569 | Tarzana | California | 91356 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840572 | West Hills | California | 91345 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840582 | Aurora | Colorado | 80045 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840509 | Denver | Colorado | 80246 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840549 | Wilmington | Delaware | 19713 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840510 | Miami | Florida | 33156-7563 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840521 | New Port Richey | Florida | 34652 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840602 | Ocala | Florida | 34471 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840538 | Ocoee | Florida | 34761 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840534 | Palm Harbor | Florida | 34684 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840594 | Atlanta | Georgia | 30322 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840614 | Columbus | Georgia | 31904 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840501 | Lawrenceville | Georgia | 30046 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840525 | Roswell | Georgia | 30076 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840588 | Idaho Falls | Idaho | 83404 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840580 | Arlington Heights | Illinois | 60005 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840519 | Chicago | Illinois | 60607 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840612 | Chicago | Illinois | 60616 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840556 | Springfield | Illinois | 62704 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840543 | Avon | Indiana | 46123 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840565 | Evansville | Indiana | 47713 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840585 | Evansville | Indiana | 47714 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840615 | Evansville | Indiana | 47714 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840563 | Indianapolis | Indiana | 46202 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840507 | Indianapolis | Indiana | 46260 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840516 | Louisville | Kentucky | 40213 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840595 | Lewiston | Maine | 04240 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840520 | Baltimore | Maryland | 21237 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840560 | Baltimore | Maryland | 21237 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840522 | Rockville | Maryland | 20852 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840505 | Dearborn | Michigan | 48124 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840575 | Flint | Michigan | 48504 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840564 | Minneapolis | Minnesota | 55416 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840558 | Butte | Montana | 59701 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840506 | Omaha | Nebraska | 68131 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840600 | Henderson | Nevada | 89074 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840532 | Las Vegas | Nevada | 89119 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840599 | Las Vegas | Nevada | 89148 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840539 | Nashua | New Hampshire | 03063 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840576 | Albuquerque | New Mexico | 87131 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840583 | Jamaica | New York | 11432 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840531 | New Hyde Park | New York | 11042 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840557 | Syracuse | New York | 13214-2016 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840541 | Durham | North Carolina | 27710 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840604 | Greenville | North Carolina | 27858 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840540 | Hickory | North Carolina | 28601 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840513 | Morehead City | North Carolina | 28557 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840592 | Salisbury | North Carolina | 28144 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840535 | Wilmington | North Carolina | 28401 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840515 | Winston-Salem | North Carolina | 27103 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840579 | Columbus | Ohio | 43213 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840524 | Dayton | Ohio | 45439 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840503 | Maumee | Ohio | 43537 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840618 | Eugene | Oregon | 97404 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840610 | Philadelphia | Pennsylvania | 19107 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840551 | Smithfield | Pennsylvania | 15478 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840584 | Tipton | Pennsylvania | 16684 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840622 | Charleston | South Carolina | 29407 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840611 | Rapid City | South Dakota | 57701 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840605 | Amarillo | Texas | 79106 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840553 | Austin | Texas | 78731 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840598 | Austin | Texas | 78731 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840502 | Corpus Christi | Texas | 78404 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840601 | Dallas | Texas | 75208 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840586 | Dallas | Texas | 75216 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840547 | Dallas | Texas | 75230 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840530 | Dallas | Texas | 75231 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840545 | Dallas | Texas | 75246 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840554 | Edinburg | Texas | 78539 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840544 | Houston | Texas | 77030 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840514 | Hurst | Texas | 76054 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840617 | N Richland Hill | Texas | 76180 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840512 | Draper | Utah | 84020 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840591 | Murray | Utah | 84123 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840526 | Ogden | Utah | 84405 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840597 | Orem | Utah | 84058 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840590 | Salt Lake City | Utah | 84102 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840613 | Burlington | Vermont | 05401 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840504 | Chesapeake | Virginia | 23321 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840561 | Norfolk | Virginia | 23510 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840625 | Norfolk | Virginia | 23510 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840606 | Richmond | Virginia | 23227 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840608 | Salem | Virginia | 24153 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840571 | Federal Way | Washington | 98003 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840593 | Spokane | Washington | 99220 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840609 | Tacoma | Washington | 98415-0299 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 840546 | Milwaukee | Wisconsin | 53209-0996 | United States |
| Investigational Site Number 036505 | Box Hill | 3128 | Australia |
| Investigational Site Number 036501 | Heidelberg | 3081 | Australia |
| Investigational Site Number 036504 | Parkville | 3050 | Australia |
| Investigational Site Number 124504 | Beamsville | L0R 1B0 | Canada |
| Investigational Site Number 124512 | Brampton | L6R 3J5 | Canada |
| Investigational Site Number 124502 | Guelph | N1H 1B1 | Canada |
| Investigational Site Number 124507 | Kelowna | V1Y 1Z9 | Canada |
| Investigational Site Number 124505 | Montreal | H1W 2R7 | Canada |
| Investigational Site Number 124511 | Oakville | L6H 3P1 | Canada |
| Investigational Site Number 124509 | Saint Romuald | G6W 5M6 | Canada |
| Investigational Site Number 124503 | Toronto | M9V 4B4 | Canada |
| Investigational Site Number 124510 | Toronto | M9W 4L9 | Canada |
| Investigational Site Number 124501 | Vancouver | V5Y 3W2 | Canada |
| Investigational Site Number 124508 | Victoria | V8V 4A1 | Canada |
| Investigational Site Number 152511 | Puerto Varas | 5480000 | Chile |
| Investigational Site Number 152502 | Santiago | 7500347 | Chile |
| Investigational Site Number 152501 | Santiago | 7500710 | Chile |
| Investigational Site Number 152514 | Santiago | 7500739 | Chile |
| Investigational Site Number 152503 | Santiago | 8053095 | Chile |
| Investigational Site Number 152507 | Santiago | Chile |
| Investigational Site Number 152509 | Talagante | Chile |
| Investigational Site Number 152513 | Temuco | 4780000 | Chile |
| Investigational Site Number 152504 | Viña del Mar | Chile |
| Investigational Site Number 203502 | Cheb | 35002 | Czechia |
| Investigational Site Number 203504 | Hranice | 75301 | Czechia |
| Investigational Site Number 203507 | Krnov | 79401 | Czechia |
| Investigational Site Number 203506 | Liberec | 460 01 | Czechia |
| Investigational Site Number 203503 | Olomouc | 77900 | Czechia |
| Investigational Site Number 203514 | Pilsen | 301 66 | Czechia |
| Investigational Site Number 203515 | Pilsen | 301 66 | Czechia |
| Investigational Site Number 203511 | Prague | 14900 | Czechia |
| Investigational Site Number 203508 | Prague | 15030 | Czechia |
| Investigational Site Number 203509 | Prague | 18100 | Czechia |
| Investigational Site Number 203505 | Prostějov | 79601 | Czechia |
| Investigational Site Number 208503 | Aarhus C | 8000 | Denmark |
| Investigational Site Number 208509 | Horsens | 8700 | Denmark |
| Investigational Site Number 208502 | Kolding | 6000 | Denmark |
| Investigational Site Number 208501 | København NV | 2400 | Denmark |
| Investigational Site Number 208505 | København S | 2300 | Denmark |
| Investigational Site Number 208504 | Viborg | 8800 | Denmark |
| Investigational Site Number 233502 | Pärnu | 80018 | Estonia |
| Investigational Site Number 233503 | Tallinn | 10138 | Estonia |
| Investigational Site Number 233501 | Tartu | 50406 | Estonia |
| Investigational Site Number 348503 | Budapest | 1134 | Hungary |
| Investigational Site Number 348501 | Budapest | 1138 | Hungary |
| Investigational Site Number 348505 | Budapest | 1212 | Hungary |
| Investigational Site Number 348502 | Debrecen | 4031 | Hungary |
| Investigational Site Number 348506 | Kaposvár | 7400 | Hungary |
| Investigational Site Number 348504 | Pápa | 8500 | Hungary |
| Investigational Site Number 440501 | Kaunas | 48259 | Lithuania |
| Investigational Site Number 440503 | Kaunas | 49449 | Lithuania |
| Investigational Site Number 440505 | Kėdainiai | LT-57164 | Lithuania |
| Investigational Site Number 440504 | Klaipėda | LT-92253 | Lithuania |
| Investigational Site Number 440502 | Vilnius | LT-10323 | Lithuania |
| Investigational Site Number 484508 | Celaya | 38000 | Mexico |
| Investigational Site Number 484501 | Cuernavaca | 62250 | Mexico |
| Investigational Site Number 484503 | Guadalajara | 44130 | Mexico |
| Investigational Site Number 484504 | Guadalajara | 44210 | Mexico |
| Investigational Site Number 484506 | Guadalajara | 44600 | Mexico |
| Investigational Site Number 484509 | México | 06700 | Mexico |
| Investigational Site Number 484507 | Pachuca | 42084 | Mexico |
| Investigational Site Number 484505 | Puebla City | 72190 | Mexico |
| Investigational Site Number 528505 | Almere Stad | 1311 RL | Netherlands |
| Investigational Site Number 616502 | Bialystok | 15-435 | Poland |
| Investigational Site Number 616505 | Krakow | 31-261 | Poland |
| Investigational Site Number 616506 | Krakow | 31-548 | Poland |
| Investigational Site Number 616507 | Płock | 09-400 | Poland |
| Investigational Site Number 616504 | Szczecin | 70-506 | Poland |
| Investigational Site Number 616503 | Warsaw | 01-518 | Poland |
| Investigational Site Number 616501 | Warsaw | 02-507 | Poland |
| Investigational Site Number 642507 | Brasov | 500365 | Romania |
| Investigational Site Number 642510 | Bucharest | 010825 | Romania |
| Investigational Site Number 642508 | Bucharest | 020042 | Romania |
| Investigational Site Number 642509 | Bucharest | 020475 | Romania |
| Investigational Site Number 642506 | Hunedoara | 331057 | Romania |
| Investigational Site Number 642505 | Iași | 700547 | Romania |
| Investigational Site Number 642502 | Oradea | 410169 | Romania |
| Investigational Site Number 642511 | Sibiu | 550371 | Romania |
| Investigational Site Number 642501 | Târgu Mureş | 540142 | Romania |
| Investigational Site Number 642504 | Timișoara | 300125 | Romania |
| Investigational Site Number 642503 | Timișoara | 300456 | Romania |
| Investigational Site Number 643511 | Arkhangelsk | 163045 | Russia |
| Investigational Site Number 643512 | Moscow | 119435 | Russia |
| Investigational Site Number 643508 | Penza | 440026 | Russia |
| Investigational Site Number 643501 | Saint Petersburg | 190013 | Russia |
| Investigational Site Number 643506 | Saint Petersburg | 194291 | Russia |
| Investigational Site Number 643503 | Saint Petersburg | 194354 | Russia |
| Investigational Site Number 643504 | Saint Petersburg | 194354 | Russia |
| Investigational Site Number 643505 | Saint Petersburg | 194358 | Russia |
| Investigational Site Number 643502 | Saint Petersburg | 195257 | Russia |
| Investigational Site Number 643513 | Samara | 443041 | Russia |
| Investigational Site Number 643507 | Saratov | 410030 | Russia |
| Investigational Site Number 643514 | Saratov | 410053 | Russia |
| Investigational Site Number 643509 | Voronezh | 394018 | Russia |
| Investigational Site Number 703505 | Bratislava | 85101 | Slovakia |
| Investigational Site Number 703507 | Bytča | 01401 | Slovakia |
| Investigational Site Number 703502 | Košice | 04001 | Slovakia |
| Investigational Site Number 703512 | Košice | 04001 | Slovakia |
| Investigational Site Number 703510 | Košice | 04013 | Slovakia |
| Investigational Site Number 703511 | Ľubochňa | 3491 | Slovakia |
| Investigational Site Number 703508 | Moldava nad Bodvou | 04525 | Slovakia |
| Investigational Site Number 703504 | Nové Mesto nad Váhom | 91501 | Slovakia |
| Investigational Site Number 703509 | Nové Zámky | 94001 | Slovakia |
| Investigational Site Number 703513 | Trnava | 91701 | Slovakia |
| Investigational Site Number 703501 | Žilina | 01001 | Slovakia |
| Investigational Site Number 724508 | A Coruña | 15006 | Spain |
| Investigational Site Number 724509 | Alicante | 03010 | Spain |
| Investigational Site Number 724506 | Alzira | 46600 | Spain |
| Investigational Site Number 724504 | Barcelona | 08035 | Spain |
| Investigational Site Number 724510 | Barcelona | 08036 | Spain |
| Investigational Site Number 724505 | Cáceres | 10003 | Spain |
| Investigational Site Number 724503 | Ferrol | 15405 | Spain |
| Investigational Site Number 724501 | Sabadell | 08208 | Spain |
| Investigational Site Number 724507 | Segovia | 40002 | Spain |
| Investigational Site Number 724502 | Valencia | 46014 | Spain |
| Investigational Site Number 752501 | Ljungby | 341 82 | Sweden |
| Investigational Site Number 752503 | Malmö | 211 52 | Sweden |
| Investigational Site Number 752504 | Rättvik | 79530 | Sweden |
| Investigational Site Number 752506 | Stenungssund | 44431 | Sweden |
| Investigational Site Number 752505 | Stockholm | 11526 | Sweden |
| Investigational Site Number 752502 | Vällingby | 16268 | Sweden |
| Investigational Site Number 804501 | Chernivtsi | 58022 | Ukraine |
| Investigational Site Number 804510 | Kyiv | 03049 | Ukraine |
| Investigational Site Number 804507 | Kyiv | 04050 | Ukraine |
| Investigational Site Number 804511 | Kyiv | Ukraine |
| Investigational Site Number 804513 | Lviv | 79010 | Ukraine |
| Investigational Site Number 804502 | Vinnytsia | 21001 | Ukraine |
| Investigational Site Number 804508 | Vinnytsia | 21010 | Ukraine |
| Derived |
| Tabak AG, Anderson J, Aschner P, Liu M, Saremi A, Stella P, Tinahones FJ, Wysham C, Meier JJ. Efficacy and Safety of iGlarLixi, Fixed-Ratio Combination of Insulin Glargine and Lixisenatide, Compared with Basal-Bolus Regimen in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Propensity Score Matched Analysis. Diabetes Ther. 2020 Jan;11(1):305-318. doi: 10.1007/s13300-019-00735-7. Epub 2019 Dec 17. |
| 31359368 | Derived | Blonde L, Bailey TS, Chao J, Dex TA, Frias JP, Meneghini LF, Roberts M, Aroda VR. Clinical Characteristics and Glycemic Outcomes of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Requiring Maximum Dose Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed-Ratio Combination or Insulin Glargine in the LixiLan-L Trial. Adv Ther. 2019 Sep;36(9):2310-2326. doi: 10.1007/s12325-019-01033-1. Epub 2019 Jul 29. |
| 31114694 | Derived | Dailey G, Bajaj HS, Dex T, Groleau M, Stager W, Vinik A. Post hoc efficacy and safety analysis of insulin glargine/lixisenatide fixed- ratio combination in North American patients compared with the rest of world. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2019 Mar 21;7(1):e000581. doi: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2018-000581. eCollection 2019. |
| 30550345 | Derived | Schmider W, Belder R, Lee M, Niemoeller E, Souhami E, Frias JP. Impact of dose capping in insulin glargine/lixisenatide fixed-ratio combination trials in patients with type 2 diabetes. Curr Med Res Opin. 2019 Jun;35(6):1081-1089. doi: 10.1080/03007995.2018.1558852. Epub 2019 Jan 11. |
| 30218434 | Derived | Zisman A, Dex T, Roberts M, Saremi A, Chao J, Aroda VR. Bedtime-to-Morning Glucose Difference and iGlarLixi in Type 2 Diabetes: Post Hoc Analysis of LixiLan-L. Diabetes Ther. 2018 Oct;9(5):2155-2162. doi: 10.1007/s13300-018-0507-0. Epub 2018 Sep 14. |
| 29974618 | Derived | Rosenstock J, Handelsman Y, Vidal J, Ampudia Blasco FJ, Giorgino F, Liu M, Perfetti R, Meier JJ. Propensity-score-matched comparative analyses of simultaneously administered fixed-ratio insulin glargine 100 U and lixisenatide (iGlarLixi) vs sequential administration of insulin glargine and lixisenatide in uncontrolled type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2018 Dec;20(12):2821-2829. doi: 10.1111/dom.13462. Epub 2018 Aug 13. |
| 29923298 | Derived | Trujillo JM, Roberts M, Dex T, Chao J, White J, LaSalle J. Low incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events over time with a fixed-ratio combination of insulin glargine and lixisenatide versus lixisenatide alone. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2018 Nov;20(11):2690-2694. doi: 10.1111/dom.13444. Epub 2018 Aug 21. |
| 29143919 | Derived | Niemoeller E, Souhami E, Wu Y, Jensen KH. iGlarLixi Reduces Glycated Hemoglobin to a Greater Extent Than Basal Insulin Regardless of Levels at Screening: Post Hoc Analysis of LixiLan-L. Diabetes Ther. 2018 Feb;9(1):373-382. doi: 10.1007/s13300-017-0336-6. Epub 2017 Nov 16. |
| 28386990 | Derived | Wysham C, Bonadonna RC, Aroda VR, Puig Domingo M, Kapitza C, Stager W, Yu C, Niemoeller E, Souhami E, Bergenstal RM; LixiLan-L trial investigators. Consistent findings in glycaemic control, body weight and hypoglycaemia with iGlarLixi (insulin glargine/lixisenatide titratable fixed-ratio combination) vs insulin glargine across baseline HbA1c, BMI and diabetes duration categories in the LixiLan-L trial. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2017 Oct;19(10):1408-1415. doi: 10.1111/dom.12961. Epub 2017 Jun 8. |
| Treated |
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| COMPLETED |
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| NOT COMPLETED |
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Not provided
| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination | FRC injected subcutaneously QD for 30 weeks. Dose individually adjusted. |
| BG001 | Insulin Glargine | Insulin glargine 100 U/mL injected subcutaneously QD for 30 weeks. Dose individually adjusted. |
| BG002 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
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| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | Mean | Standard Deviation | years |
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| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants |
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| Race | Count of Participants | Participants |
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| Ethnicity | Count of Participants | Participants |
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| OAD Use | Count of Participants | Participants |
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| OAD Use at Screening by Class | Count of Participants | Participants |
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| Body Mass Index (BMI) | Mean | Standard Deviation | kg/m^2 |
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| Duration of Diabetes | Only participants with available data for this baseline measure were included in the analysis. | Mean | Standard Deviation | years |
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| Daily Dose of Metformin | Only participants with available data for this baseline measure were included in the analysis. | Mean | Standard Deviation | mg |
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| Screening Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) | Mean | Standard Deviation | percentage of HbA1c |
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| Baseline HbA1c | Mean | Standard Deviation | percentage of HbA1c |
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| Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) | Mean | Standard Deviation | mmol/L |
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| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Change in Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) From Baseline to Week 30 | Change in HbA1c was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 30 value. | Modified intent-to-treat (mITT) population: all randomized participants who had both baseline and at least one post-baseline efficacy assessment. Here, number of participants analyzed = participants with baseline and at least one post-baseline HbA1c assessment during study period. | Posted | Least Squares Mean | Standard Error | percentage of HbA1c | Baseline, Week 30 |
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| Secondary | Percentage of Participants With HbA1c <7.0% or ≤6.5% at Week 30 | mITT population. Participants with no value for HbA1c at Week 30 were counted as non-responders. | Posted | Number | percentage of participants | Week 30 |
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| Secondary | Change in 2-hour Plasma Blood Glucose Excursion From Baseline to Week 30 | Plasma glucose excursion = 2-hour postprandial glucose (PPG) minus plasma glucose value obtained 30 minutes prior to the start of the meal and before investigational medicinal product (IMP) administration, if IMP was injected before breakfast. Change in plasma glucose excursions was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 30 value. | mITT population. Here, number of participants analyzed = participants with baseline and at least one post-baseline plasma glucose excursion assessment during study period. Missing data was imputed using last observation carried forward (LOCF). | Posted | Least Squares Mean | Standard Error | mmol/L | Baseline, Week 30 |
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| Secondary | Change in Body Weight From Baseline to Week 30 | Change in body weight was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 30 value. | mITT population. Here, number of participants analyzed = participants with baseline and at least one post-baseline body weight assessment during study period. | Posted | Least Squares Mean | Standard Error | kg | Baseline, Week 30 |
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| Secondary | Mean Change in 7-point Self-monitored Plasma Glucose (SMPG) Profile From Baseline to Week 30 | Participants recorded a 7-point plasma glucose profile measured before and 2-hours after each meal and at bedtime, two times in a week before baseline, before visit Week 12 and before visit Week 30 and the average value across the profiles performed in the week before a visit for the 7 time points was calculated. Change in average 7 point SMPG was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 30 value. The analysis included all scheduled measurements obtained during the study. The missing data was handled by mixed effect model with repeated measures (MMRM) approach. | mITT population. Here, number of participants analyzed= participants with baseline and at least one post-baseline 7-point SMPG assessment during study period. | Posted | Least Squares Mean | Standard Error | mmol/L | Baseline, Week 30 |
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| Secondary | Percentage of Participants Reaching HbA1c <7.0% With No Body Weight Gain at Week 30 | mITT population. Participants without HbA1c and/or body weight value at Week 30 were counted as non-responders. | Posted | Number | percentage of participants | Week 30 |
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| Secondary | Change in Daily Insulin Glargine Dose From Baseline to Week 30 | mITT population. The analysis included scheduled measurements obtained up to the date of last injection of IMP. Here, number of participants analyzed= participants with insulin glargine dose assessment during study period. | Posted | Least Squares Mean | Standard Error | Units (U) | Baseline, Week 30 |
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| Secondary | Percentage of Participants Reaching HbA1c <7.0% With No Body Weight Gain at Week 30 and No Documented Symptomatic Hypoglycemia (Plasma Glucose [PG] ≤ 70 mg/dL [3.9 mmol/L]) During 30-Week Treatment Period | Documented symptomatic hypoglycemia was an event during which typical symptoms of hypoglycemia were accompanied by a measured plasma glucose concentration of ≤70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L). | mITT population. Participants without HbA1c and/or body weight value at Week 30 were counted as non-responders. | Posted | Number | percentage of participants | Baseline up to Week 30 |
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| Secondary | Change in FPG From Baseline to Week 30 | Change in FPG was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 30 value. | mITT population. Here, number of participants analyzed= participants with baseline and at least one post-baseline FPG assessment during study period. | Posted | Least Squares Mean | Standard Error | mmol/L | Baseline, Week 30 |
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| Secondary | Change in 2-hour PPG From Baseline to Week 30 | Change in PPG was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 30 value. | mITT population. Here, number of participants analyzed= participants with baseline and at least one post-baseline PPG assessment during study period. | Posted | Least Squares Mean | Standard Error | mmol/L | Baseline, Week 30 |
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| Secondary | Percentage of Participants Reaching HbA1c <7.0% With No Documented Symptomatic Hypoglycemia (PG ≤ 70 mg/dL [3.9 mmol/L]) During 30-Week Treatment Period | Documented symptomatic hypoglycemia was an event during which typical symptoms of hypoglycemia were accompanied by a measured plasma glucose concentration of ≤70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L). | mITT population. Participants with no value for HbA1c at Week 30 were counted as non-responders. | Posted | Number | percentage of participants | Baseline up to Week 30 |
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| Secondary | Percentage of Participants Requiring Rescue Therapy During 30-Week Treatment Period | Routine fasting SMPG and central laboratory FPG (and HbA1c after Week 12) values were used to determine the requirement of rescue medication. If fasting SMPG value exceeded the specified limit for 3 consecutive days, the central laboratory FPG (and HbA1c after Week 12) were performed. Threshold values - from Week 8 to Week 12: fasting SMPG/FPG >240 mg/dL (13.3 mmol/L), and from Week 12 to Week 30: fasting SMPG/FPG >200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) or HbA1c >8%. | mITT population. | Posted | Number | percentage of participants | Baseline up to Week 30 |
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| Secondary | Number of Documented Symptomatic Hypoglycemia Events Per Subject-Year | Documented symptomatic hypoglycemia was an event during which typical symptoms of hypoglycemia were accompanied by a measured plasma glucose concentration of ≤70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L). | Analysis was performed on safety population defined as all randomized participants who received at least one dose of IMP regardless of the amount of treatment administered. | Posted | Number | events per subject-year | First dose of study drug up to 1 day after the last dose administration (median treatment exposure 211 days [FRC], 210 days [Insulin glargine]) |
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| Secondary | Percentage of Participants With Documented Symptomatic Hypoglycemia | Documented symptomatic hypoglycemia was an event during which typical symptoms of hypoglycemia were accompanied by a measured plasma glucose concentration of ≤70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L). | Analysis was performed on safety population. | Posted | Number | percentage of participants | First dose of study drug up to 1 day after the last dose administration (median treatment exposure 211 days [FRC], 210 days [Insulin glargine]) |
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| Secondary | Percentage of Participants With Severe Symptomatic Hypoglycemia | Severe symptomatic hypoglycemia was an event requiring assistance of another person to actively administer carbohydrate, glucagon, or other resuscitative actions. Plasma glucose measurements might not had been available during such an event, but neurological recovery attributable to the restoration of plasma glucose to normal was considered sufficient evidence that the event had been induced by a low plasma glucose concentration. Severe symptomatic hypoglycemia included all episodes in which neurological impairment was severe enough to prevent self-treatment, and which were thus thought to place participants at risk for injury to themselves or others. | Analysis was performed on safety population. | Posted | Number | percentage of participants | First dose of study drug up to 1 day after the last dose administration (median treatment exposure 211 days [FRC], 210 days [Insulin glargine]) |
|
All Adverse Events (AE) were collected from signature of the informed consent form up to the final visit (Week 30) regardless of seriousness or relationship to investigational product.
Reported AEs are treatment-emergent that is AEs that developed/worsened during 'on-emergent period' (time from first injection of open-label IMP up to 3 days after the last injection of IMP). Analysis was performed on safety population.
Not provided
| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination | FRC injected subcutaneously QD for 30 weeks. Dose individually adjusted (median exposure: 211 days). | 20 | 365 | 81 | 365 | ||
| EG001 | Insulin Glargine | Insulin glargine 100 U/mL injected subcutaneously QD for 30 weeks. Dose individually adjusted (median exposure: 210 days). | 18 | 365 | 42 | 365 |
| Term | Organ System | Source Vocabulary | Assessment Type | Notes | Statistical Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pneumonia | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Osteomyelitis | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Wound infection | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Benign breast neoplasm | Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Benign gastric neoplasm | Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Breast cancer | Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue | Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Gallbladder cancer | Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Kaposi's sarcoma | Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Hypoglycaemia | Metabolism and nutrition disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Hypoglycaemic unconsciousness | Nervous system disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Hypoglycaemic seizure | Nervous system disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Glaucoma | Eye disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Acute myocardial infarction | Cardiac disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Angina unstable | Cardiac disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Arteriosclerosis coronary artery | Cardiac disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Myocardial infarction | Cardiac disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Supraventricular tachycardia | Cardiac disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Cardiac failure congestive | Cardiac disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Cardiopulmonary failure | Cardiac disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Hypertension | Vascular disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Cholecystitis chronic | Hepatobiliary disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Cholecystitis acute | Hepatobiliary disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Osteoarthritis | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Tendonitis | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Intervertebral disc protrusion | Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Renal impairment | Renal and urinary disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Benign prostatic hyperplasia | Reproductive system and breast disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Chest discomfort | General disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Non-cardiac chest pain | General disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Scar | Injury, poisoning and procedural complications | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Subdural haematoma | Injury, poisoning and procedural complications | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Meniscus injury | Injury, poisoning and procedural complications | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Term | Organ System | Source Vocabulary | Assessment Type | Notes | Statistical Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasopharyngitis | Infections and infestations | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Headache | Nervous system disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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| Nausea | Gastrointestinal disorders | MedDRA 18.0 | Systematic Assessment |
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If no publication has occurred within 12 months of the completion of the study, the Investigator shall have the right to publish/present independently the results of the study. The Investigator shall provide the Sponsor with a copy of any such presentation/publication for comment at least 30 days before any presentation/submission for publication. If requested by the Sponsor, any presentation/submission shall be delayed up to 90 days, to allow the Sponsor to preserve its proprietary rights.
| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trial Transparency Team | Sanofi | Contact-US@sanofi.com |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003924 | Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003920 | Diabetes Mellitus |
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D004700 | Endocrine System Diseases |
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000069036 | Insulin Glargine |
| C479460 | lixisenatide |
| D008687 | Metformin |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D049528 | Insulin, Long-Acting |
| D061385 | Insulins |
| D010187 | Pancreatic Hormones |
| D036361 | Peptide Hormones |
| D006728 | Hormones |
| D006730 | Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists |
| D010455 | Peptides |
| D000602 | Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins |
| D001645 | Biguanides |
| D006146 | Guanidines |
| D000578 | Amidines |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
Not provided
Not provided
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| Black |
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| Asian/Oriental |
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| Other |
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| Not Hispanic |
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| No |
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| Sulfonylurea |
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| Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor |
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| Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor |
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| Glinide |
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| Metformin + Sulfonylurea |
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| Metformin + DPP-4 inhibitor |
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| Metfomrin + Glinide |
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| Sulfonylurea + DPP-4 inhibitor |
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| None |
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| Superiority or Other |
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