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Denmark has a higher incidence of cervical cancer than other Nordic countries, although all Danish women (aged 23-65) are screened regularly to identify possible cervical dysplasia or asymptomatic invasive cancer.
Annually 40 000 women receives an abnormal or inadequate test result and a follow-up recommendation.
However problems with delayed follow-up may threaten the effectiveness of the Danish Cervical Cancer Screening Program, as 20% of women are delayed and dysplasia potentially can progress into cancer.
Delayed follow-up is found in situations where women either consciously or unconsciously postpone follow-up, or because of organizational aspects of the screening program, where communication regarding test results can fail either in content or with delay.This study will evaluate two interventions designed to increase follow-up:
The results will be of great importance to the future organisation of cervical and colorectal cancer screening programmes in Denmark, but will also have international interest because of their similar challenges.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Test result sent by letter | Experimental | The pap-smear test result is sent by letter directly to the women. Women in need of follow up are in the letter recommended to contact their general practitioner. |
|
| Test result conveyed by general practitioners | Active Comparator | In Denmark it is a standard procedure that general practitioners convey the pap-smear test results to the women. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Test result sent by letter | Other |
| ||
| Test result conveyed by general practitioners |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Proportion of women with timely follow-up | The proportion of women followed up will be calculated as cumulated incidence proportions according to four timeframes (undesirable early, as recommended, late, very late), and be compared by relative risks. The results will be presented in totals and separately depending on the test result (normal/inadequate/Bethesda classification 2001/HPV). | 1½ year |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Frequency of general practitioner contacts (consultations/telephone calls /e-mails) regarding conveying the smear test result. | The two randomisation groups will be compared with respect to contacts with general practitioner after the smear test the first days, weeks, months after the general practitioner is notified of the screening result. | Three months after the smear test. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Peter Vedsted | Center for Research in Cancer Diagnosis in Primary Care - (CaP), Aarhus University | Study Director |
| Flemming Bro | The Research Unit of General Practice in Aarhus, Aarhus University | Study Director |
| Berit S Andersen | The Department of Public Health Programmes at Regional Hospital Randers | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Aarhus | Aarhus | Central Jutland | 8000 | Denmark |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30568870 | Derived | Kristiansen BK, Andersen B, Bro F, Svanholm H, Vedsted P. Direct notification of cervical cytology results to women improves follow-up in cervical cancer screening - A cluster-randomised trial. Prev Med Rep. 2018 Nov 23;13:118-125. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.11.015. eCollection 2019 Mar. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002578 | Uterine Cervical Dysplasia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011230 | Precancerous Conditions |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| D002577 | Uterine Cervical Diseases |
| D014591 | Uterine Diseases |
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| Other |
|
| D005831 |
| Genital Diseases, Female |
| D052776 | Female Urogenital Diseases |
| D005261 | Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
| D000091662 | Genital Diseases |