This study is to determine how cognitive deficits (e.g.,verbal fluency deficit) in patients with Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) relate to specific aspects of brain and function. The study team will assess whether the "brain signatures" associated with specific cognitive deficits differ in older adults with and without AMD.

Inclusion Criteria:

AMD

- Vision loss attributable to AMD

Controls

• Age match (± 5 yrs)
• Gender match
• Education match (± 4yrs)
• Normal macular exam

Exclusion Criteria:

AMD

• Other significant eye pathology
• Mod/severe dementia
• Communication barrier that precludes testing

Controls

• Other significant eye pathology
• Mod/severe dementia
• Communication barrier that precludes testing

MRI subset

• Devices or material incompatible with 3.0 Tesla MRI
• Conditions that may interfere with interpretation of fMRI (e.g. history of stroke, brain tumor or previous brain surgery; psychoactive medications; seizure disorder)
• Claustrophobia
• Left-handed
• Body weight > 300 lbs
• Pregnant women

This study will include 300 participants: 150 subjects with AMD plus 150 age, gender, and education-matched adults without AMD. All participants will receive baseline and 2 year neurocognitive tests and a subset will provide structural and "resting stage"functional magnetic resonance images (MRIs) at each time point.