Chronic Toxicities Related to Treatment in Patients With Localized Cancer

A Prospective Cohort to Investigate Survivorship Issues in Patients With Early Cancer

The aims of the cohort will be to quantify impact of cancer treatments toxicities , and to generate predictors of chronic toxicity in patients with non-metastatic cancer. Study of the original cohort will be focused on localized breast cancer patients, other localisation in non-metastatic setting will be explored furtherwise, fist of all in lung cancer.

The project will include four specific aims :

1. To develop a database of chronic treatment related toxicity in a cohort of 14750 women with stage I-III breast cancer (= non metastatic), whatever these treatments are (surgery; radiation therapy; chemotherapy …)
2. To describe incidence, clinical presentation, and outcome of chronic toxicities.
3. To describe the psychological, the social and the economic impacts of chronic toxicities.
4. To generate predictors for chronic toxicities in order to prevent them, based upon biological criteria.

The expected impact of these toxicities, when identified, will be to improve quality of life and to decrease health cost, by the early identification of patients at high risk of toxicity. Such early identification could lead to prevent toxic effect by: a. developing prevention strategies, b. substituting toxic treatment by a non (less) toxic one.

Also, such cohort will offer a quantification of the impact of treatment toxicity, that could be further used to quantify medical usefulness of strategies that aim at decreasing treatment toxicities (implementation of predictive biomarker for resistance, cytotoxic-free regimen etc…)

SPECIFIC AIM I: TO DEVELOP A TOXICITY DATABASE ON A COHORT OF 20,000 WOMEN WITH STAGE I-III (NON METASTATIC) BREAST CANCER

Selection criteria The cohort will include female patients with non-metastatic breast cancer (stage I-III) without any selection based on their characteristics (except stage) or treatment. They may be included in other concomitant clinical studies.

Patients will have to sign informed consent and will have to benefit from social security.

The lack of selection criteria is related to the fact that the cohort aims at investigating toxicity in the whole population of breast cancer from a public health perspective.

Sample size The cohort plans to include 14750 women in 13 years. A cohort of 14750 patients will allow to detect a two fold increased in the risk of a specific toxicity in a homogenous subgroup.

As illustration, the study present a 90% power to detect whether a variable (age as example) observed in 50% of patients is associated with an increased risk of toxicity (heart toxicity) in a specific subgroup (Her2+++).

Development of the cohort The14750 patients will be recruited in 26 cancer centers, maximum in France. These patients will be followed for at least 5 years in the context of the cohort. After 5 years, additional specific data will then be captured each year.

Patients will be included at the time of diagnosis, before any cancer specific treatment. After having signed informed consent, the patient will fill a first questionnaire for demographics (adapted from French DREES reference study) and living conditions, and a set of validated questionnaires related to QoL and special psychological dimensions. In addition, blood samples will be collected at baseline.

The toxicities (events) will start to be collected 3 months after the end of "acute" treatment (surgery/adjuvant/chemotherapy/radiation therapy). Toxicity data will also be collected at the time of the last chemotherapy. Toxicities will be collected each 6 months, alternatively by a dedicated nurse and by the patient herself. Three sets of toxicities will be collected.

• First, predefined and previously described toxicities will be collected on dedicated items in the case report form.
• Second, unknown toxicities will be captured by the use of a patient's notebook where each patient will collect events and doctor' visits (general practitioner or organ specialist). This will allow capturing events that have not previously been associated with cancer treatment toxicities.
• Finally, objective measurements by paraclinic exams will be done. This includes yearly blood tests and a heart ultrasonography at 1 and 5 years.

In addition to the data collection, a baseline blood sample for genetic analyses will be done, and serum samples will be collected at baseline and yearly during 5 years (serum).

Outcome data will also be collected and will include metastatic relapse (+ site), locoregional relapse (+ site) and death.

SPECIFIC AIM II: TO DESCRIBE INCIDENCE, CLINICAL PRESENTATION, BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND OUTCOME OF CHRONIC TOXIC EVENTS

This specific aim will follow three goals :

• First, the investigators will describe the incidence of predefined chronic toxicities according to the treatment received.
• Second, the investigators will aim at identifying new treatment-related toxicities. This information will be captured through a dedicated notebook where each patient will report all health and social related events.
• Finally, the investigators will also assess the outcome of each adverse event, and try to develop some hypotheses to be addressed in further clinical trials.

SPECIFIC AIM III: TO DESCRIBE THE PSYCHOLOGICAL AND THE SOCIAL IMPACTS OF TOXIC EVENTS This specific aim will be split in two parts: a. to describe the psychological and the social impact to the patient, b. to describe the impact at the population level.

To describe psychological and social impact for the patient

Using robust well validated methods, subjective and objective dimensions of wellbeing will be investigated, that is: a. Quality of life b. Living conditions c. Psychosocial issues.

Quality of life Global perception of quality of life will be assessed through different survey

Social impact Living conditions will be assessed through a questionnaire derived from the French DRESS reference study on living conditions. The initial questionnaire was designed by DRESS to investigate the social, economical, professional condition two years after the diagnosis of cancer: back or abandonment of the initial professional/social activity, conversion, income trends, etc.

Psychological impact This part will focus on psychological functioning, including psychological impact of chronic toxicities and psychological impact of cancer itself. Psychological impact is mainly expected on emotional issues, cognitive disorders, body image and sexual disorders.

To describe the impact on the society This sub-aim will mainly focus on medico-economics and will assess the global impact of treatment toxicity on health economy. The quantification of costs related to toxicities is a major challenge since it could allow to identify avoidable major source of expenses and could allow better tailoring treatment accordingly. Specific partnerships are being developed with the French social security and other public/private partners in order to accurately quantify toxicity-related cost.

SPECIFIC AIM IV TO DEVELOP PREDICTORS FOR CHRONIC TOXICITIES In the present specific aim, the goal will be to develop molecular/biologic predictors for toxic events. In as many cases as possible, the investigators will split the cohort into a discovery set and a test set, or will identify a cross-validating series before doing analyses.

Ultimately, the goal is to develop multiparametric scores to predict the occurrence of toxicity.

Regarding molecular predictors, it is planned that 20 ml blood will be collected yearly. One sample at baseline will be dedicated to single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays and validation of candidate genetic variants.

A number of tests are already planned. First, we will investigate conventional biological parameters including endocrine tests (cortisolemia, TSH, estradiol levels, mullerian hormone…), metabolic test (including lipidemia), hematologic tests, liver function, immune function (assessed by lymphocyte counts). Second, more recent and under investigation tests will be added including troponin (heart failure), mullerian hormone, bone resorption markers (bone loss), RANK / RANKL, osteoprotegerin (bone loss).

Finally, it is planned to use the baseline sample for the discovery of genetic tests and to use the serum for the discovery of biochemical predictors.

CANTO - Breast

Inclusion Criteria:

• Women,

• Aged 18 years and over,

• With an invasive breast cancer diagnosed by cytology or histology,

• No clinical evidence of metastasis at the time of inclusion,

• Untreated including scored for breast cancer surgery in progress,

• Patient receiving a social security system,

• Patient mastering the French language,

• Free and informed consent for additional biological samples, different questionnaires and collecting information on resource usage.

• (Since february 2022) Patient :

  1. Age < 45 years at diagnostic
  2. Or CT2-3, cN0-3, HER2+(RH+or RH-) or RH-HER2-
  3. Or Eligible to Pembrozilumab, Olaparib, TDM1, Abemaciclib or Ribociclib

Exclusion Criteria:

• Metastatic breast cancer,
• Local recurrence of breast cancer,
• History of cancer within 5 years prior to entry into the trial other than basal cell skin or carcinoma in situ of the cervix,
• Already received treatment for breast cancer ongoing,
• Blood transfusion performed for less than six months,
• Persons deprived of liberty or under supervision (including guardianship).

CANTO - Lung

Inclusion Criteria:

• Aged 18 years and over, Having lung cancer diagnosed by cytology or histology or suspected cancer of the lung,
• Tumor cTX to cT4, cN0-3,
• No clinical evidence of metastasis at the time of inclusion (patients with metastases on extension assessment within 6 months following diagnosis will be removed from the study),
• Eligible for curative treatment by surgery or radiotherapy * (note patients treated with exclusive chemotherapy, exclusive radiotherapy or exclusive stereotactic radiotherapy will be out of study)
• Lack of treatment received for current lung cancer, including surgical treatment
• Patient benefiting from a social protection scheme,
• Patient mastering the French language,
• Free and informed consent for additional biological samples, the different questionnaires and the collection of information on resource consumption.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Metastatic lung cancer,
• Local relapse of lung cancer,
• History of cancer within 3 years prior to study entry other than basal cell cutaneous or epithelioma in situ of the cervix,
• Treatment already received for current lung cancer,
• Blood transfusion carried out less than 6 months ago,
• Persons deprived of liberty or under guardianship (including curatorship).