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The objective of this randomized controlled trial is to describe the effect of two osteopathic techniques - "high velocity, low amplitude" (HVLA) and muscle energy (ME) - on thickness, activation, strength, pressure pain threshold (PPT) of the paravertebral muscles at the lumbar spine, as well as the peak plantar pressures immediately and after a two-day follow-up.
The muscle thickness of the paravertebral muscles at the lumbar spine, namely internal oblique, external oblique and transversus abdominis can be altered after the application of 'high-velocity low-amplitude'(HVLA)and 'muscle energy' (ME)techniques immediately and after a two-day follow-up.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| HVLA | Experimental | The subjects allocated to this group will receive a 'High-velocity, low-amplitude (HVLA) technique over the lumbar spine. |
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| ME | Experimental | Subjects allocated to this group will receive a muscle energy (ME) technique. |
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| Sham group | Sham Comparator | The individuals allocated to this group received an intervention of the "sham". The sample of this group will consist of subjects with history of dysfunctions of the lumbar spine. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High-velocity, low-amplitude (HVLA) | Other | With the subject lying on his/her side, the therapist will rotate the patient's trunk, flex his/her hip and knee of the upper leg. The therapist positions his caudad forearm over the hip, while the cephalad forearm lies over the patient's shoulder. The therapist's hands will be positioned over the lumbar spine's spinous process to be manipulated. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Muscle thickness | We will evaluate the muscle thickness of four muscles that comprises the paravertebral musculature at the lumbar spine: internal oblique, external oblique, lumbar multifidus and transversus abdominis. | immediate |
| Muscle thickness | We will evaluate the muscle thickness of four muscles that comprises the paravertebral musculature at the lumbar spine: internal oblique, external oblique, lumbar multifidus and transversus abdominis. | Two days |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pressure pain threshold | subjects will be evaluated regarding their pressure pain threshold (PPT) on the spinous process of all of the lumbar vertebrae. | Immediate |
| Pressure pain threshold | subjects will be evaluated regarding their pressure pain threshold (PPT) on the spinous process of all of the lumbar vertebrae. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Rodrigo F Angellos, Physiotherapis | The Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Laboratory of Physiotherapy - The Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre | Porto Alegre | Rio Grande do Sul | 90050170 | Brazil |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D017116 | Low Back Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001416 | Back Pain |
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D024505 | Tocopherols |
| C005703 | salicylhydroxamic acid |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014810 | Vitamin E |
| D001578 | Benzopyrans |
| D011714 | Pyrans |
| D006573 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring |
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|
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| Muscle energy (ME) | Other | This technique involves the active movement of the patient to activate a specific musculature in order to move a bony segment of a given joint in a specific direction in relation to the adjacent bone. This technique aims to restore the restricted movement of the joint in question. |
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| Sham | Other | Individuals in this group received a sham intervention type, in order to simulate an intervention. |
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| Two days |
| D013568 |
| Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D006571 |
| Heterocyclic Compounds |
| D006574 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring |
| D000072471 | Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring |