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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| National Institute on Aging (NIA) | NIH |
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To conduct a pilot study of cluster randomized clinical trial of an practice intervention to improve the quality of care for suspected lower respiratory and and urinary tract infections among 60 nursing home residents with advanced dementia living in 4 facilities (2 matched intervention/control pairs) for 12 months. We hypothesize that 1. In the intervention compared to the control facilities there will be a trend towards a greater proportion of infections for which antimicrobials were initiated appropriately, and 2. in the intervention compared to the control facilities there will be a trend towards higher proxy satisfaction with decision-making, fewer hospital transfers, and lower antimicrobial exposure.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Experimental | Provider Training: i. on-line education course and ii. algorithms and checklists. The course consists of 4 cases: 2 for urinary tract infection and 2 for lower respiratory tract infections with multiple choice questions and evidence-based feedback. To reinforce provider learning, posters displaying algorithms guiding appropriate antimicrobial initiation for infections will be placed in all nursing home units. Laminated pocket cards with the algorithms will be given to providers. Providers will complete simple checklists for each suspected infection throughout the study. B. Proxy Information: The printed material explains, in a lay fashion: i. the nature of infection in advanced dementia, ii. treatment options, iii. concerns about antimicrobial overuse, and iv. features of appropriate antimicrobial use. |
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| Usual Care | Other | Residents will receive usual care for infections |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Behavioral | Provider Training: i. on-line education course and ii. algorithms and checklists. The course consists of 4 cases: 2 for urinary tract infection and 2 for lower respiratory tract infections with multiple choice questions and evidence-based feedback. To reinforce provider learning, posters displaying algorithms guiding appropriate antimicrobial initiation for infections will be placed in all nursing home units. Laminated pocket cards with the algorithms will be given to providers. Providers will complete simple checklists for each suspected infection throughout the study. B. Proxy Information: The printed material explains, in a lay fashion: i. the nature of infection in advanced dementia, ii. treatment options, iii. concerns about antimicrobial overuse, and iv. features of appropriate antimicrobial use. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| proportion of suspected infectious episodes for which antimicrobials were initiated appropriately | The primary outcome will be the proportion of suspected infectious episodes for which antimicrobials were initiated appropriately defined by 2 factors: i. minimal clinical criteria to start antimicrobials are met based on consensus guidelines, ii. treatment was consistent with proxy preferences (based on proxy interview). | 12 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| hospital transfers | proportion of episodes for which residents were transferred to the hospital, | 12 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| antimicrobial use | total antimicrobial use among residents defined as days of therapy per 1000 resident-days | 12 months |
| Decision satisfaction | proxy satisfaction with decision-making as measured by the Decision Satisfaction Index, |
Inclusion Criteria:
Resident eligibility criteria include: 1) Age > 65, 2) Dementia, 3) Global Deterioration Scale score of 7,59 and 4) a proxy is available who can speak in English. Features of Global deterioration stage 7 include: profound memory deficits (cannot recognize family), total functional dependence, speech < 5 words, incontinence, and inability to ambulate.
Eligibility criteria for providers in the intervention nursing homes include: Medical Doctor,a. nurse, nurse practitioner, physician assistant identified by a senior administrator as an individual who cares for residents with advanced dementia, and is 2. able to communicate in English because on-line course and algorithms are in English., and 3. over 21 years of age.
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Exclusion Criteria:
Residents with cognitive impairment due to causes other than dementia (e.g., head trauma) and in short-term, sub-acute SNFs will be excluded. -
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hebrew SeniorLife | Boston | Massachusetts | 02131 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003704 | Dementia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D019965 | Neurocognitive Disorders |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008722 | Methods |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
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| Control | Other |
|
| 12 months |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |